The growing request of energy of the last few years has created quite a few problems. The use of nonrenewable energy resources like fossil fuels doesn't have to be high due to the serious consequences that they imply. It's necessary then the usage of renewable energy resources like solar power, geothermal energy and waste heat recovery. Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) are particularly suited for this purpose, thanks to their characteristics. ORC's are based on steam Rankine cycle, but they arise from the idea of not using water as the working fluid, but instead using an organic fluid. This fluid's different characteristics make ORCs more suitable for certain situations and, for this reason, in the last years the number of plants that use this cycle has increased. In this paper, the objective is to present an overview of the ORC's characteristics, with a comparison with the steam Rankine cycle. It will be noted the properties of the most used working fluids and the main applications of this cycle. For this purpose, different sections of books and various scientific articles will be used as a reference.
La crescente richiesta di energia degli ultimi anni ha creato non pochi problemi. L'utilizzo però di fonti energetiche non rinnovabili come i combustibili fossili non può essere elevato a causa delle gravi conseguenze che questi comportano. Risulta quindi necessario l'uso di fonti energetiche rinnovabili come l'energia solare, l'energia geotermica e il recupero di calore. I cicli Rankine a fluido organico (ORC) sono particolarmente adatti a questo scopo, grazie alle loro principali caratteristiche. Gli ORC si basano sul ciclo Rankine a vapore, però nascono dall'idea di non utilizzare l'acqua come fluido operativo, ma bensì un fluido organico. Le diverse caratteristiche di questo fluido rendono i cicli ORC più adatti in determinate situazioni e per questo motivo negli ultimi anni si è vista una crescita degli impianti che lo utilizzano. In questo elaborato si vuole dare uno sguardo alle caratteristiche degli ORC confrontandoli col ciclo Rankine a vapore. Si osserveranno inoltre le proprietà generali dei fluidi operativi utilizzati e le principali applicazioni di questo ciclo. Per fare ciò, si prenderanno a riferimento alcuni passi di libri e vari articoli scientifici.
Analisi di cicli Rankine a fluido organico (ORC)
LUNARDI, STEFANO
2023/2024
Abstract
The growing request of energy of the last few years has created quite a few problems. The use of nonrenewable energy resources like fossil fuels doesn't have to be high due to the serious consequences that they imply. It's necessary then the usage of renewable energy resources like solar power, geothermal energy and waste heat recovery. Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) are particularly suited for this purpose, thanks to their characteristics. ORC's are based on steam Rankine cycle, but they arise from the idea of not using water as the working fluid, but instead using an organic fluid. This fluid's different characteristics make ORCs more suitable for certain situations and, for this reason, in the last years the number of plants that use this cycle has increased. In this paper, the objective is to present an overview of the ORC's characteristics, with a comparison with the steam Rankine cycle. It will be noted the properties of the most used working fluids and the main applications of this cycle. For this purpose, different sections of books and various scientific articles will be used as a reference.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/71737