Aircraft stalling, caused by the detachment of the boundary layer on the wings, is a problem to which various solutions have been found. The need to have a large lift force, especially in critical conditions such as take-off, led to the development of devices that allowed the control of the boundary layer. The increase in the aerodynamic performance of the surfaces has led to the reduction of the length of the take-off runways and the reduction in the size of the wings, which has led to a great saving in materials. The following work aims to study the application of vortex generators (VGs) on aircraft wings to delay and prevent the detachment of the boundary layer. After an initial analysis of the boundary layer, necessary to understand the functioning of the generators, we will move on to a general classification of the latter. Attention will then be turned to a possible modeling of the generated vortices, according to the helical vortex model. This model will be verified through an experimental analysis which will also highlight the effects of the VGs on the boundary layer. The increase in aerodynamic performance will then be studied through a CFD analysis. At the end of the thesis, the main advantages and disadvantages of using vortex generators will be highlighted.
Lo stallo degli aeromobili, causato dal distacco dello strato limite sulle ali, è un problema a cui si sono trovate svariate soluzioni. La necessità di avere una grande forza di portanza, soprattutto in condizioni critiche come il decollo, ha portato allo sviluppo di dispositivi che permettessero il controllo dello strato limite. L’incremento delle prestazioni aerodinamiche delle superfici, ha condotto alla riduzione della lunghezza delle piste di decollo e alla diminuzione delle dimensioni delle ali, che ha portato a un grande risparmio di materiali. Il seguente lavoro ha come scopo lo studio dell’applicazione dei generatori di vortici (VGs) sulle ali degli aeromobili per ritardare e prevenire il distacco dello strato limite. Dopo una prima analisi dello strato limite, necessaria per comprendere il funzionamento dei generatori, ci si sposterà su una classificazione generale di quest’ultimi. L’attenzione sarà poi rivolta a una possibile modellazione dei vortici generati, secondo il modello del vortice ad elica. Tale modello verrà verificato tramite un’analisi sperimentale che evidenzierà anche gli effetti dei VGs sullo strato limite. Verrà poi studiato l’incremento delle prestazioni aerodinamiche tramite un’analisi CFD. Alla fine dell’elaborato verranno evidenziati i principali vantaggi e svantaggi dati dall’utilizzo dei generatori di vortici.
Analisi preliminare dei generatori di vortici per applicazioni aeronautiche
BALTIERI, PIETRO
2023/2024
Abstract
Aircraft stalling, caused by the detachment of the boundary layer on the wings, is a problem to which various solutions have been found. The need to have a large lift force, especially in critical conditions such as take-off, led to the development of devices that allowed the control of the boundary layer. The increase in the aerodynamic performance of the surfaces has led to the reduction of the length of the take-off runways and the reduction in the size of the wings, which has led to a great saving in materials. The following work aims to study the application of vortex generators (VGs) on aircraft wings to delay and prevent the detachment of the boundary layer. After an initial analysis of the boundary layer, necessary to understand the functioning of the generators, we will move on to a general classification of the latter. Attention will then be turned to a possible modeling of the generated vortices, according to the helical vortex model. This model will be verified through an experimental analysis which will also highlight the effects of the VGs on the boundary layer. The increase in aerodynamic performance will then be studied through a CFD analysis. At the end of the thesis, the main advantages and disadvantages of using vortex generators will be highlighted.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/71965