The management of the disease known as " downy mildew of grapevine", caused by the pathogenic microorganism Plasmopara viticola, continues to be a topic of significant interest both for the losses potentially caused by this disease and for the increasing attention to the environmental, social and economic sustainability of crop protection, which is reflected in the need to reduce the use of fungicides. In particular, the fight against this pathogen is mainly based on the use of copper which, in organic farming, is the only allowed product. Despite this, there are more and more restrictions regarding the use of copper, as, being a heavy metal, it tends to accumulate in the ground with consequent risk of toxicity for the environment. For this reason, it is important to seek innovative strategies that effectively contrast the pathogen reducing, at the same time, the amount of copper used. To this end, interest in the use of nanotechnologies for the management of pathogens in agriculture is recently growing. For these reasons, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness of copper oxide nanoparticles (NPCuO) against Plasmopara viticola, compared with two commercial products (Poltiglia Dispress, based on copper sulphate, and Nordox Energy, based on copper oxide). The effectiveness of the three treatments was correlated with the copper metal content in the treated leaves.
La gestione della malattia nota come “peronospora della vite”, causata dal microrganismo patogeno Plasmopara viticola, continua ad essere argomento di rilevante interesse sia per le perdite potenzialmente causate da questa malattia che per la sempre maggiore attenzione alla sostenibilità ambientale, sociale ed economica della difesa fitosanitaria, che si riflette nella necessità di ridurre l’uso di fungicidi. In particolare, la lotta a questo patogeno si basa principalmente sull’utilizzo del rame che, in agricoltura biologica, è l’unico strumento di difesa ammesso. Nonostante questo, ci sono sempre più restrizioni in merito all’impiego del rame, in quanto, essendo un metallo pesante, tende ad accumularsi nel terreno con conseguente rischio di tossicità per l’ambiente. Per questo motivo, è importante ricercare strategie innovative che contrastino efficacemente il patogeno riducendo, allo stesso tempo, la quantità di rame utilizzato. A tal fine, recentemente sta crescendo l’interesse verso l’utilizzo delle nanotecnologie per la gestione dei patogeni in agricoltura. Data questa premessa, lo scopo di questa tesi è stato quello di valutare l’efficacia contro Plasmopara viticola di nanoparticelle di ossido di rame (NPCuO), a confronto con due prodotti commerciali (Poltiglia Dispress, a base di solfato di rame, e Nordox Energy, a base di ossido di rame). L’efficacia dei tre trattamenti è stata correlata con il contenuto di rame metallo nelle foglie trattate.
Confronto tra nanoparticelle di rame e formulati commerciali per il controllo di Plasmopara viticola su vite: valutazione dell’efficacia in campo e quantificazione del rame metallo nelle foglie.
ADAMI, ELISA
2023/2024
Abstract
The management of the disease known as " downy mildew of grapevine", caused by the pathogenic microorganism Plasmopara viticola, continues to be a topic of significant interest both for the losses potentially caused by this disease and for the increasing attention to the environmental, social and economic sustainability of crop protection, which is reflected in the need to reduce the use of fungicides. In particular, the fight against this pathogen is mainly based on the use of copper which, in organic farming, is the only allowed product. Despite this, there are more and more restrictions regarding the use of copper, as, being a heavy metal, it tends to accumulate in the ground with consequent risk of toxicity for the environment. For this reason, it is important to seek innovative strategies that effectively contrast the pathogen reducing, at the same time, the amount of copper used. To this end, interest in the use of nanotechnologies for the management of pathogens in agriculture is recently growing. For these reasons, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness of copper oxide nanoparticles (NPCuO) against Plasmopara viticola, compared with two commercial products (Poltiglia Dispress, based on copper sulphate, and Nordox Energy, based on copper oxide). The effectiveness of the three treatments was correlated with the copper metal content in the treated leaves.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/73673