The thesis aims to investigate the socio-cognitive factors associated with separating plastic, glass, and aluminum waste in the workplace, focusing on the role of normative influence and past behavior in predicting this pro-environmental behavior. The study employed the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB, Ajzen, 1991) as the theoretical framework, extended with injunctive subjective norm specifically related to the work environment (i.e., colleagues and supervisors), and two distinct components of the descriptive injunctive norm – one concerning significant social referents such as relatives, partners, and friends, and the other related to social referents within the same organization, such as colleagues and supervisors. The model also included moral norm and past behavior. The study was conducted in two waves (T1 e T2). At T1, participants completed an online questionnaire comprising the measures of the extended TPB model. One month later, at T2, a second online questionnaire was administered to assess self-reported waste separation behavior at work. The final convenience sample included 790 Italian working adults (45.4% women, mean age = 40.6). The findings indicated that the traditional TPB model explained 33.4% of the variance in intention and 25.3% of the variance in behavior. Including injunctive and descriptive subjective norms related to the workplace significantly enhanced the model’s predictive power for both intention and behavior. However, descriptive norm related to relatives, partners, and friends, as well as moral norm, were not significantly associated with either intention or behavior. Overall, the extended TPB model, including the normative components, explained 36% of the variance in intention and 26.8% in behavior. Including past behavior in the traditional TPB model, which emerged as a strong predictor of both intention and behavior, increased the quota of explained variance by 7.5% in intention and 15.3% in behavior. Furthermore, intention was significantly associated with waste separation behavior at work across all cases. This pro-environmental behavior was further influenced by the observation and imitation of colleagues’ and supervisors’ behavior. Hence, implementing training programs aimed at making waste separation a habitual behavior within organizations, as well as highlighting waste separation practices of other organizational members, could enhance the likelihood of performing this sustainable behavior in the workplace.
Il presente lavoro si propone di indagare i fattori psico-sociali che determinano il comportamento di effettuare la raccolta differenziata di plastica, vetro e alluminio sul luogo di lavoro e di approfondire il ruolo dell’influenza normativa e del comportamento passato nella previsione di questo comportamento pro-ambientale. Il modello teorico di riferimento è la Teoria del comportamento pianificato (Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB, Ajzen, 1991) estesa con la norma soggettiva ingiuntiva riferita al contesto lavorativo (colleghi e superiori), la norma descrittiva riferita ai familiari, partner e amici e al contesto lavorativo, la norma morale e il comportamento passato. La ricerca si è svolta in due fasi (T1 e T2). Al T1, è stato somministrato un primo questionario online in cui sono stati rilevati i costrutti della TPB estesa. A un mese di distanza, al T2, è stato somministrato un secondo questionario online in cui veniva misurato il comportamento auto-riferito di fare raccolta differenziata sul luogo di lavoro. Il campione di convenienza intervistato è composto da 790 adulti lavoratori italiani (45.4% donne, età media 40.6 anni). I risultati hanno evidenziato che la TPB classica spiega il 33.4% della varianza dell’intenzione e il 25.3% del comportamento. L’inclusione della norma soggettiva ingiuntiva e descrittiva riferite al contesto lavorativo ha migliorato significativamente la quota di varianza spiegata dell’intenzione e del comportamento. La norma descrittiva riferita ai familiari, partner e amici e quella morale non sono associate all’intenzione e al comportamento indagato. Nel complesso, il modello esteso con le diverse componenti normative spiega il 36% della varianza dell’intenzione e 26.8% della varianza del comportamento. L’inclusione nella TPB classica del comportamento passato, forte predittore dell’intenzione e del comportamento, ha incrementato la quota di varianza spiegata di questi costrutti, rispettivamente, del 7.5% e del 15.3%. Inoltre, l’intenzione prevede in tutti i casi il comportamento di fare la raccolta differenziata nei luoghi di lavoro. Tale comportamento pro-ambientale è determinato anche dall’osservazione o imitazione del comportamento tenuto dai colleghi di lavoro o dai superiori. Di conseguenza, la messa in atto di queste pratiche sostenibili da parte dei lavoratori potrebbe essere favorita dal promuovere programmi di formazione nei contesti organizzativi finalizzati a rendere il comportamento di fare la raccolta differenziata un’abitudine e dal rendere saliente tale comportamento tenuto dagli altri membri dell’organizzazione.
La raccolta differenziata sul luogo di lavoro. Un'applicazione della Teoria del comportamento pianificato estesa
BERTANI, STEFANIA
2023/2024
Abstract
The thesis aims to investigate the socio-cognitive factors associated with separating plastic, glass, and aluminum waste in the workplace, focusing on the role of normative influence and past behavior in predicting this pro-environmental behavior. The study employed the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB, Ajzen, 1991) as the theoretical framework, extended with injunctive subjective norm specifically related to the work environment (i.e., colleagues and supervisors), and two distinct components of the descriptive injunctive norm – one concerning significant social referents such as relatives, partners, and friends, and the other related to social referents within the same organization, such as colleagues and supervisors. The model also included moral norm and past behavior. The study was conducted in two waves (T1 e T2). At T1, participants completed an online questionnaire comprising the measures of the extended TPB model. One month later, at T2, a second online questionnaire was administered to assess self-reported waste separation behavior at work. The final convenience sample included 790 Italian working adults (45.4% women, mean age = 40.6). The findings indicated that the traditional TPB model explained 33.4% of the variance in intention and 25.3% of the variance in behavior. Including injunctive and descriptive subjective norms related to the workplace significantly enhanced the model’s predictive power for both intention and behavior. However, descriptive norm related to relatives, partners, and friends, as well as moral norm, were not significantly associated with either intention or behavior. Overall, the extended TPB model, including the normative components, explained 36% of the variance in intention and 26.8% in behavior. Including past behavior in the traditional TPB model, which emerged as a strong predictor of both intention and behavior, increased the quota of explained variance by 7.5% in intention and 15.3% in behavior. Furthermore, intention was significantly associated with waste separation behavior at work across all cases. This pro-environmental behavior was further influenced by the observation and imitation of colleagues’ and supervisors’ behavior. Hence, implementing training programs aimed at making waste separation a habitual behavior within organizations, as well as highlighting waste separation practices of other organizational members, could enhance the likelihood of performing this sustainable behavior in the workplace.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/74072