Bioenergy Production from Organic Waste and Adapted Microbial Inoculum via Anaerobic Digestion

Biohydrogen and biomethane production from organic waste is gaining significant attention as a sustainable and renewable energy source. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential for bioenergy production from organic waste, which can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote a circular economy. This research focuses on the utilization of food waste for bioenergy production using an adapted microbial inoculum. The study also investigates the effects of pH and food to microorganism (F/M) ratio on bioenergy production and lag phase. The adapted microbial inoculum is developed through the cultivation of microorganisms in a controlled environment and media by the biologist, allowing for the selection of microorganisms with optimal bioenergy-producing capabilities. Afterwards, this inoculum is employed to digest organic waste under anaerobic conditions. It is crucial to adjust the substrate conditions in order to attain the optimal pH, which can be achieved by adding a buffer to the solution and then comparing the results with those obtained from the solution without a buffer. The digestion process involves the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms in 4-7 days observation, leading to the production of biohydrogen and 14 – 40 days for biomethane. The research indicates that bioenergy production and lag phase are significantly influenced by pH and F/M ratio. According to the findings, biohydrogen production is most optimal at pH levels 5.5 while pH 7.0 for biomethane. It was also observed that higher F/M ratios lead to increased bioenergy production. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of the lag phase, which is the period preceding bioenergy production and the total cumulative production itself. The length of the lag phase is determined by the initial conditions and the availability of nutrients. The results indicate that optimizing the initial conditions can significantly reduce the lag phase. The findings of this study have important implications for advancing sustainable technologies for producing bioenergy. By utilizing adapted microbial inoculum and refining digestion conditions, it is possible to markedly enhance bioenergy production rates and yields, thereby establishing it as a feasible renewable energy option.