Is it still possible and useful to think of family fostering and adoption as two separate entities? Traditionally, these two institutions are handled separately but the reality of fostering and adoption has changed. In fact, the needs of individuals and families are fluid and, over time, have become increasingly integrated. Foster care and adoption are two fundamental legal institutions in the system of protection and guardianship of children in fragile family situations. The aim of this paper is to get to know and grasp the similarities of these particular “forms of family” that go beyond the biological bond and are born “from the heart”. This means that they are formed from the will and awareness of adults to become part of the lives of children and young people. It’s important to highlight that it often means bridging those gaps resulting from inadequate parenting. To accomplish so, the first form is family fostering. It is a temporary means of welcoming and caring for minors experiencing a difficult situation. It is aimed at guaranteeing them an adequate and safe environment in which to grow, while still maintaining the relationship with their biological family and providing for their return when possible. The second is adoption. It is a definitive measure in which the child is placed in a new family, with which he or she establishes a legal bond comparable to the biological one. For these two institutions, which might appear to be in opposition, the legal framework, the characteristics and typologies, the procedure and the subjects involved are defined. In addition, they will be further analysed with an in-depth study with some critical considerations on the subject. Finally, the last chapter is dedicated to an analysis of the role of the Social Services in the protection of minors. In particular, the role, the duties and the representation of the Social Worker are discussed. Specifically, this will be explained also through some interviews made with professional workers of the Bassano del Grappa area. Social Workers have, on one hand, the central role of protecting and safeguarding the wellbeing of minors and families. On the other, the need to promote clarity and proactive promotional work on the institution of fostering and adoption. In fact, unfortunately, around them gravitate common negative stereotypes.
È ancora possibile e utile pensare ad affido familiare e adozione come due entità separate? Tradizionalmente, questi due istituti vengono gestiti singolarmente ma la realtà dell’affido e dell’adozione è cambiata, i bisogni degli individui e delle famiglie sono fluidi e col tempo sono andati integrandosi reciprocamente sempre più. L'affido familiare e l'adozione rappresentano due istituti giuridici fondamentali nel sistema di protezione e tutela dei minori in situazioni di fragilità familiare. L’obiettivo del presente elaborato è quello di conoscere e cogliere le affinità di queste particolari “forme di famiglia” che vanno oltre il legame biologico e nascono “dal cuore” ossia dalla volontà e dalla consapevolezza delle persone di poter entrare a far parte della vita di bambini e ragazzi, colmando quelle lacune derivanti da un esercizio della genitorialità inadeguato al loro benessere. Per fare ciò, si parte dall’affido familiare, uno strumento temporaneo di accoglienza e cura di minori che vivono una situazione di difficoltà, mirato a garantire loro un ambiente adeguato e sicuro in cui crescere, mantenendo comunque il legame con la propria famiglia d'origine e prevedendo il rientro quando possibile. Successivamente si passa all’adozione, un provvedimento definitivo in cui il minore viene inserito in una nuova famiglia, con la quale instaura un legame giuridico equiparabile a quello biologico. Per questi due istituti, che all’apparenza potrebbero sembrare in opposizione, viene definita la cornice giuridica, le caratteristiche e le tipologie, l’iter del percorso e i soggetti coinvolti, concludendo ciascun approfondimento con alcune considerazioni critiche rispetto al tema. Infine, l’ultimo capitolo è dedicato a un’analisi del ruolo dei Servizi Sociali nella tutela dei minori d’età, in particolare si parla dell’Assistente Sociale rispetto al suo ruolo, ai suoi compiti e alla rappresentazione di questa figura professionale, il tutto raccontato anche attraverso alcune interviste fatte a queste figure professionali che lavorano nel territorio di Bassano del Grappa. Gli operatori hanno un ruolo centrale nella tutela e salvaguardia del benessere di minori e famiglie e per gli strumenti dell’affido e dell’adozione, attorno ai quali gravitano comuni stereotipi negativi, è necessario fare maggiore chiarezza e un lavoro di promozione propositiva.
“Le famiglie del cuore”: affido familiare e adozione nella tutela dei minori d’età
LOLLATO, VALENTINA
2023/2024
Abstract
Is it still possible and useful to think of family fostering and adoption as two separate entities? Traditionally, these two institutions are handled separately but the reality of fostering and adoption has changed. In fact, the needs of individuals and families are fluid and, over time, have become increasingly integrated. Foster care and adoption are two fundamental legal institutions in the system of protection and guardianship of children in fragile family situations. The aim of this paper is to get to know and grasp the similarities of these particular “forms of family” that go beyond the biological bond and are born “from the heart”. This means that they are formed from the will and awareness of adults to become part of the lives of children and young people. It’s important to highlight that it often means bridging those gaps resulting from inadequate parenting. To accomplish so, the first form is family fostering. It is a temporary means of welcoming and caring for minors experiencing a difficult situation. It is aimed at guaranteeing them an adequate and safe environment in which to grow, while still maintaining the relationship with their biological family and providing for their return when possible. The second is adoption. It is a definitive measure in which the child is placed in a new family, with which he or she establishes a legal bond comparable to the biological one. For these two institutions, which might appear to be in opposition, the legal framework, the characteristics and typologies, the procedure and the subjects involved are defined. In addition, they will be further analysed with an in-depth study with some critical considerations on the subject. Finally, the last chapter is dedicated to an analysis of the role of the Social Services in the protection of minors. In particular, the role, the duties and the representation of the Social Worker are discussed. Specifically, this will be explained also through some interviews made with professional workers of the Bassano del Grappa area. Social Workers have, on one hand, the central role of protecting and safeguarding the wellbeing of minors and families. On the other, the need to promote clarity and proactive promotional work on the institution of fostering and adoption. In fact, unfortunately, around them gravitate common negative stereotypes.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/74406