The Italian reception system is a central issue nowadays, as the migratory phenomenon is increasingly present in our daily lives, particularly in the case of Unaccompanied Foreign Minors (MNSA), whose numbers are constantly increasing, raising complex issues regarding their reception and integration. The first major response to this emergency has been the establishment of extraordinary reception centres (CAS), which offer support and temporary shelter to these minors. However, the management of these centres is often characterised by limited resources and inadequate facilities, affecting the quality of support offered and the emergency of the service becomes normality, requiring more educational and growth aspects. The legal system regulating the reception and protection of unaccompanied foreign minors (MSNA) has evolved over time through different legal sources, starting with the 1989 International Convention on the Rights of the Child and Adolescent. This thesis aims to explore the importance of the educational figure within the reception system for migrants in Italy, specifically in the Extraordinary Reception Centres (CAS) for unaccompanied foreign minors (MSNA) in the Padua area. A specific focus was carried out on the educational implicit and actual educational practices adopted by social workers in the absence of educators. Through a detailed analysis of the Italian reception system, in particular on the role of the CAS and primary reception, this research highlights the structural and operational criticalities that emerge in contexts of emergency and marginality. The methodology adopted includes semi-structured interviews with CAS operators in order to investigate the educational practices currently in use and identify the educational implicitities present. The results indicate that, despite the absence of social educators, operators develop alternative educational strategies to meet the needs of MSM. However, these strategies are often insufficient to guarantee comprehensive and continuous educational support. In conclusion, the research emphasises the urgent need for policies and practices that guarantee the stable presence of educators in CASs, in order to improve the quality of reception and foster the integration and well-being of MSNAs. The proposed recommendations offer insights for future interventions and policies in the field of the reception of migrant minors, contributing to the creation of a more robust and effective support system.
Il sistema di accoglienza italiano è un tema centrale al giorno d’oggi, in quanto il fenomeno migratorio è sempre più presente nella nostra quotidianità, in particolare nel caso dei Minori Stranieri Non Accompagnati (MNSA), il cui numero è in costante aumento, sollevando questioni complesse riguardo alla loro accoglienza e integrazione. La prima delle principali risposte a questa emergenza è stata l'istituzione di centri di accoglienza straordinaria (CAS), che offrono supporto e rifugio temporaneo a questi minori. Tuttavia, la gestione di tali centri è spesso caratterizzata da risorse limitate e strutture inadeguate, influenzando la qualità del supporto offerto e l’emergenza del servizio diventa invece normalità, richiedendo così più aspetti educativi e di crescita. Il sistema normativo che regola l'accoglienza e la protezione dei minori stranieri non accompagnati (MSNA) si è evoluto nel tempo attraverso diverse fonti giuridiche, a partire dalla Convenzione Internazionale sui Diritti dell’Infanzia e dell’Adolescenza del 1989. Questa tesi vuole esplorare l'importanza della figura educativa all’interno del sistema di accoglienza per persone migranti in Italia, in particolare nei Centri di Accoglienza Straordinaria (CAS) per i minori stranieri non accompagnati (MSNA) nel territorio padovano. Un focus specifico è stato svolto sugli impliciti educativi e le pratiche educative effettive adottate dagli operatori sociali in assenza di educatori. Attraverso un'analisi dettagliata del sistema di accoglienza italiano, in particolare sul ruolo dei CAS e l’accoglienza primaria, questa ricerca evidenzia le criticità strutturali e operative che emergono in contesti di emergenza e marginalità. La metodologia adottata include interviste semi-strutturate con gli operatori dei CAS, al fine di indagare le pratiche educative attualmente in uso e identificare gli impliciti educativi presenti. I risultati indicano che, nonostante l'assenza di educatori sociali, gli operatori sviluppano strategie educative alternative per rispondere ai bisogni dei MSNA. Tuttavia, tali strategie risultano spesso insufficienti a garantire un supporto educativo completo e continuativo. In conclusione, la ricerca sottolinea la necessità urgente di politiche e pratiche che garantiscano la presenza stabile di educatori nei CAS, al fine di migliorare la qualità dell'accoglienza e favorire l'integrazione e il benessere dei MSNA. Le raccomandazioni proposte offrono spunti per futuri interventi e politiche nel campo dell'accoglienza dei minori migranti, contribuendo a creare un sistema di supporto più solido ed efficace.
L’educazione e la figura educativa nel contesto di accoglienza straordinaria in Italia. L’importanza dell’educazione per i Minori Stranieri Non Accompagnati nei Centri di Accoglienza Straordinaria.
SCOGNAMIGLIO, SILVIA
2023/2024
Abstract
The Italian reception system is a central issue nowadays, as the migratory phenomenon is increasingly present in our daily lives, particularly in the case of Unaccompanied Foreign Minors (MNSA), whose numbers are constantly increasing, raising complex issues regarding their reception and integration. The first major response to this emergency has been the establishment of extraordinary reception centres (CAS), which offer support and temporary shelter to these minors. However, the management of these centres is often characterised by limited resources and inadequate facilities, affecting the quality of support offered and the emergency of the service becomes normality, requiring more educational and growth aspects. The legal system regulating the reception and protection of unaccompanied foreign minors (MSNA) has evolved over time through different legal sources, starting with the 1989 International Convention on the Rights of the Child and Adolescent. This thesis aims to explore the importance of the educational figure within the reception system for migrants in Italy, specifically in the Extraordinary Reception Centres (CAS) for unaccompanied foreign minors (MSNA) in the Padua area. A specific focus was carried out on the educational implicit and actual educational practices adopted by social workers in the absence of educators. Through a detailed analysis of the Italian reception system, in particular on the role of the CAS and primary reception, this research highlights the structural and operational criticalities that emerge in contexts of emergency and marginality. The methodology adopted includes semi-structured interviews with CAS operators in order to investigate the educational practices currently in use and identify the educational implicitities present. The results indicate that, despite the absence of social educators, operators develop alternative educational strategies to meet the needs of MSM. However, these strategies are often insufficient to guarantee comprehensive and continuous educational support. In conclusion, the research emphasises the urgent need for policies and practices that guarantee the stable presence of educators in CASs, in order to improve the quality of reception and foster the integration and well-being of MSNAs. The proposed recommendations offer insights for future interventions and policies in the field of the reception of migrant minors, contributing to the creation of a more robust and effective support system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/74614