Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by emotional instability, impulsive behaviors and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. Recent studies have shown that these challenges can also extend to the realm of moral choices, affecting the ability to make ethical and empathetic decisions. This thesis explores the role of cognitive functioning and empathy in the moral choices of individuals with personality disorders, with particular attention to BPD. The first chapter provides an overview of BPD, covering the history, diagnosis, clinical features, epidemiology, and etiopathogenesis of the disorder. It also discusses how BPD can influence the moral aspects of patients. The second chapter examines moral dilemmas in the general population, introducing the main theoretical and methodological models used to study moral choices and the neural substrates involved in decision-making processes. Particular attention is given to how moral choices differ between the general population and individuals with BPD, as well as the therapeutic implications of these differences. The third chapter presents the original research, focused on the moral choices of individuals with personality disorders, particularly BPD. The study aims to explore how BPD, as well as other personality disorders, influences moral decision-making in the proposed dilemmas, considering the role of cognitive and empathic functions. It examines whether patients show a preference for utilitarian or deontological moral choices compared to healthy controls and to what extent these preferences are influenced by cognitive and empathic impairments.The study aims to clarify the dynamics underlying the ethical difficulties in patients with personality disorders, offering insights for more targeted clinical interventions.
Il Disturbo Borderline di Personalità (DBP) è caratterizzato da instabilità emotiva, comportamenti impulsivi e difficoltà nelle relazioni interpersonali. Recenti studi hanno evidenziato come tali difficoltà possano estendersi anche al dominio delle scelte morali, influenzando la capacità di prendere decisioni etiche ed empatiche. Questo lavoro di tesi esplora il ruolo del funzionamento cognitivo e dell'empatia nelle scelte morali di individui con disturbi di personalità, con particolare attenzione al DBP. Nel primo capitolo viene fornita una panoramica sul DBP, coprendo la storia, la diagnosi, le caratteristiche cliniche, l'epidemiologia e l'eziopatogenesi del disturbo. Viene inoltre discusso come questo disturbo possa influenzare gli aspetti morali dei pazienti. Il secondo capitolo esamina i dilemmi morali nella popolazione generale, introducendo i principali modelli teorici e metodologici utilizzati per studiare le scelte morali e i substrati neurali coinvolti nei processi decisionali. Particolare attenzione è posta su come le scelte morali differiscano tra la popolazione generale e gli individui con DBP, nonché sulle implicazioni terapeutiche di queste differenze. Nel terzo capitolo viene presentata la ricerca originale, focalizzata sulle scelte morali degli individui con disturbi di personalità, in particolare il DBP. L'obiettivo dello studio è esplorare come il DBP, così come altri disturbi di personalità, influenzi le decisioni morali nei dilemmi proposti, considerando il ruolo di funzioni cognitive ed empatiche. Viene esaminato se i pazienti mostrino una preferenza per scelte morali utilitaristiche o deontologiche rispetto ai controlli sani e in che misura tali preferenze siano condizionate da alterazioni cognitive ed empatiche. Lo studio mira a chiarire le dinamiche che sottendono le difficoltà etiche nei pazienti con disturbi di personalità, offrendo spunti per interventi clinici più mirati.
LE SCELTE MORALI NEL DISTURBO BORDERLINE DI PERSONALITÀ: IL RUOLO DEL FUNZIONAMENTO COGNITIVO E DELL’EMPATIA. UNO STUDIO CONTROLLATO
DULA, AURORA
2023/2024
Abstract
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by emotional instability, impulsive behaviors and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. Recent studies have shown that these challenges can also extend to the realm of moral choices, affecting the ability to make ethical and empathetic decisions. This thesis explores the role of cognitive functioning and empathy in the moral choices of individuals with personality disorders, with particular attention to BPD. The first chapter provides an overview of BPD, covering the history, diagnosis, clinical features, epidemiology, and etiopathogenesis of the disorder. It also discusses how BPD can influence the moral aspects of patients. The second chapter examines moral dilemmas in the general population, introducing the main theoretical and methodological models used to study moral choices and the neural substrates involved in decision-making processes. Particular attention is given to how moral choices differ between the general population and individuals with BPD, as well as the therapeutic implications of these differences. The third chapter presents the original research, focused on the moral choices of individuals with personality disorders, particularly BPD. The study aims to explore how BPD, as well as other personality disorders, influences moral decision-making in the proposed dilemmas, considering the role of cognitive and empathic functions. It examines whether patients show a preference for utilitarian or deontological moral choices compared to healthy controls and to what extent these preferences are influenced by cognitive and empathic impairments.The study aims to clarify the dynamics underlying the ethical difficulties in patients with personality disorders, offering insights for more targeted clinical interventions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/75224