The aim of this thesis work is to evaluate the applicability of the gold nanoparticle-assisted NMR technique for profiling markers of neuroblastoma. The markers of this disease are the class of urinary catecholamines and, in particular, their metabolites. 3-Methoxytyramine was chosen as the target analyte for this thesis work, a promising metabolite both for identifying the most advanced disease state and for monitoring the body's response to therapy. The strategy to identify this analyte consists of coupling the selectivity of functionalised gold nanoparticles with the specificity of the NMR technique. A total of six gold nanoparticles were tested. Of these, three were modified with thiols of different lengths (9, 12 and 15 carbon atoms) and a negatively charged sulphonate group at the ends. The remaining three were functionalised with thiols containing a tripeptide bound to the surface via an alkyl spacer of eight carbon atoms. Three different tripeptides were also synthesised by keeping the outer amino acids (Asp(OMe) and Pro) fixed and varying the inner amino acid between Gln, Trp and Tyr. After synthesising and characterising these chemical sensors, NMR chemosensing tests were carried out, especially using experiments such as high power water saturation transfer difference (HPwSTD) and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY).
Lo scopo di questo lavoro di Tesi consiste nel valutare l’applicabilità della tecnica NMR assistita da nanoparticelle d’oro funzionalizzate per la profilazione di marker del neuroblastoma. I marker di tale malattia sono rappresentati dalla classe delle catecolamine urinarie e, in particolar modo, dai loro metaboliti. Come analita target per questo lavoro di Tesi è stata scelta la 3-metossitiramina, un metabolita promettente sia per identificare lo stato della malattia più avanzato, che per monitorare la risposta dell’organismo alla terapia. La strategia per identificare tale analita consiste nell’accoppiare la selettività di nanoparticelle d’oro funzionalizzate con la specificità della tecnica NMR. In tutto sono state esaminate sei nanoparticelle d'oro. Tra queste, tre sono state modificate con tioli di diverse lunghezze (9, 12 e 15 atomi di carbonio) e un gruppo solfonato carico negativamente alle estremità. Le restanti tre sono state funzionalizzate con tioli contenenti un tripeptide legato alla superficie tramite uno spacer alchilico di otto atomi di carbonio. Sono stati inoltre sintetizzati tre tripeptidi diversi tenendo fissi gli amminoacidi esterni (Asp(OMe) e Pro) e variando l'amminoacido interno tra Gln, Trp e Tyr. Dopo aver sintetizzato e caratterizzato questi sensori chimici sono state effettuate prove di chemosensing NMR, in particolar modo utilizzando esperimenti quali l’high power water saturation transfer difference (HPwSTD) e la diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY).
Sviluppo di chemosensori basati su nanoparticelle d'oro per la profilazione di marker del neuroblastoma
MELOTTI, ANDREA
2023/2024
Abstract
The aim of this thesis work is to evaluate the applicability of the gold nanoparticle-assisted NMR technique for profiling markers of neuroblastoma. The markers of this disease are the class of urinary catecholamines and, in particular, their metabolites. 3-Methoxytyramine was chosen as the target analyte for this thesis work, a promising metabolite both for identifying the most advanced disease state and for monitoring the body's response to therapy. The strategy to identify this analyte consists of coupling the selectivity of functionalised gold nanoparticles with the specificity of the NMR technique. A total of six gold nanoparticles were tested. Of these, three were modified with thiols of different lengths (9, 12 and 15 carbon atoms) and a negatively charged sulphonate group at the ends. The remaining three were functionalised with thiols containing a tripeptide bound to the surface via an alkyl spacer of eight carbon atoms. Three different tripeptides were also synthesised by keeping the outer amino acids (Asp(OMe) and Pro) fixed and varying the inner amino acid between Gln, Trp and Tyr. After synthesising and characterising these chemical sensors, NMR chemosensing tests were carried out, especially using experiments such as high power water saturation transfer difference (HPwSTD) and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY).File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/75420