Introduction: In the field of mental health, antipsychotic medications have become the primary intervention for managing characteristic symptoms of psychiatric disorders. However, despite their efficacy, various "alternative," non-pharmacological, and cost-effective therapies have been introduced in recent years to support pharmacological treatment. These therapies are intended to complement antipsychotic treatment to enhance the management of general, positive, and negative symptoms of psychiatric disorders. One such therapy is Mindfulness, which originated in Buddhist traditions and was first applied in 1979 by molecular biologist Jon Kabat-Zinn through the MBSR (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction) protocol. This approach offers a range of benefits that can significantly improve a person’s quality of life. For this reason, the main objective of this literature review is to examine the effectiveness and impact of Mindfulness practice on two of the most prevalent and limiting psychiatric disorders: Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted following the PRISMA method. Two questions were formulated using the PIO methodology, and the following databases were consulted: PubMed and CINAHL. The research focused on a critical review of studies published in English or Italian over the past 10 years (2014-2024). A total of 138 articles were collected, of which only 15 were selected and included in this review. Results: A total of 15 studies were included, comprising three systematic reviews (two of which were meta-analyses), one meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, four studies (including three quasi-experimental), one rapid qualitative review, one exploratory review, one randomized controlled trial, one cross-sectional study, one randomized follow-up study, and two articles published in official databases. Through analysis of these articles, consistent evidence emerged regarding the effectiveness and positive impact of Mindfulness practice, when applied alongside pharmacological treatment, in patients with Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder, particularly benefiting those affected by Schizophrenia. Conclusion: Mindfulness represents a useful, safe, and effective intervention for the treatment of Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder, as it yields positive effects and benefits in managing the characteristic symptoms of these disorders, thereby improving the quality of life for those affected. Although many articles highlight the need for further research, these results provide important implications for the dissemination, introduction, and application of this practice in the care and rehabilitation processes for individuals with these psychiatric conditions. This emphasizes the need for specific training for nurses and healthcare professionals working in mental health. Keywords: mindfulness, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, quality of life, effectiveness.
Introduzione: Nell’ambito della salute mentale, i farmaci antipsicotici rappresentano ormai la prima linea di intervento per la gestione dei sintomi caratteristici dei disturbi psichiatrici, ma, nonostante la loro efficacia, negli ultimi anni, in supporto alla terapia farmacologica, sono state introdotte diverse terapie “alternative”, non-farmacologiche ed economicamente vantaggiose, da abbinare alla terapia antipsicotica al fine di implementare la gestione dei sintomi generali, positivi e negativi, dei disturbi psichiatrici. Una di queste è la Mindfulness, nata dalle tradizioni buddiste e percorsa per la prima volta dal medico-biologo molecolare Jon Kabat Zinn nel 1979 con il protocollo MBSR (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction), che offre una serie di benefici in grado di aumentare considerevolmente la qualità di vita di una persona. È per questo motivo che la presente revisione di letteratura si pone come obiettivo principale l’indagine sull’efficacia e gli effetti della pratica Mindfulness in due dei principali e maggiormente limitanti disturbi psichiatrici, ovvero Schizofrenia e Disturbo Borderline di Personalità. Materiali e metodi: È stata effettuata una revisione di letteratura seguendo il metodo PRISMA. Sono stati formulati due quesiti attraverso la metodologia PIO e sono state consultate le seguenti banche dati: PubMed e Cinahl. La ricerca si è concentrata sulla lettura critica degli studi pubblicati, in lingua inglese o italiana, negli ultimi 10 anni (2014-2024). Sono stati raccolti un totale di 138 articoli, di cui solamente 15 selezionati e utilizzati per questa revisione. Risultati: Sono stati inclusi 15 studi: 3 revisioni sistematiche di cui 2 meta-analisi, 1 meta-analisi di studi randomizzati e controllati, 4 studi di cui 3 quasi-sperimentali, 1 revisione qualitativa rapida, 1 revisione esplorativa, 1 trial randomizzato e controllato, 1 indagine trasversale, 1 studio di follow-up randomizzato e 2 articoli pubblicati su banche dati ufficiali. Attraverso l’analisi degli articoli sono emerse prove coerenti riguardo l’efficacia e gli effetti positivi della pratica Mindfulness applicata, in supporto alla terapia farmacologica, a Schizofrenia e Disturbo Borderline di Personalità, in particolar modo sui pazienti affetti da Schizofrenia. Conclusione: La Mindfulness rappresenta un intervento utile, sicuro ed efficace nel trattamento di Schizofrenia e Disturbo Borderline di Personalità, in quanto produce effetti positivi e benefici nella gestione dei sintomi caratteristici di questi disturbi, con conseguente miglioramento della qualità di vita di chi ne è affetto. Nonostante molti articoli sottolineino la necessità di ulteriori studi, questi risultati forniscono importanti implicazioni per la diffusione, introduzione e applicazione di questa pratica nei processi di cura e riabilitazione di chi è affetto da queste patologie psichiatriche, enfatizzando la necessità di una formazione specifica degli infermieri e degli operatori sanitari operanti nell’area della salute mentale. Parole chiave: mindfulness, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, quality of life, effectiveness.
Il Ruolo dell'Infermiere nelle Comunità Terapeutiche Riabilitative Protette: La Pratica della Mindfulness nella Schizofrenia e nel Disturbo Borderline di Personalità
GIRIMONTE, SARA
2023/2024
Abstract
Introduction: In the field of mental health, antipsychotic medications have become the primary intervention for managing characteristic symptoms of psychiatric disorders. However, despite their efficacy, various "alternative," non-pharmacological, and cost-effective therapies have been introduced in recent years to support pharmacological treatment. These therapies are intended to complement antipsychotic treatment to enhance the management of general, positive, and negative symptoms of psychiatric disorders. One such therapy is Mindfulness, which originated in Buddhist traditions and was first applied in 1979 by molecular biologist Jon Kabat-Zinn through the MBSR (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction) protocol. This approach offers a range of benefits that can significantly improve a person’s quality of life. For this reason, the main objective of this literature review is to examine the effectiveness and impact of Mindfulness practice on two of the most prevalent and limiting psychiatric disorders: Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted following the PRISMA method. Two questions were formulated using the PIO methodology, and the following databases were consulted: PubMed and CINAHL. The research focused on a critical review of studies published in English or Italian over the past 10 years (2014-2024). A total of 138 articles were collected, of which only 15 were selected and included in this review. Results: A total of 15 studies were included, comprising three systematic reviews (two of which were meta-analyses), one meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, four studies (including three quasi-experimental), one rapid qualitative review, one exploratory review, one randomized controlled trial, one cross-sectional study, one randomized follow-up study, and two articles published in official databases. Through analysis of these articles, consistent evidence emerged regarding the effectiveness and positive impact of Mindfulness practice, when applied alongside pharmacological treatment, in patients with Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder, particularly benefiting those affected by Schizophrenia. Conclusion: Mindfulness represents a useful, safe, and effective intervention for the treatment of Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder, as it yields positive effects and benefits in managing the characteristic symptoms of these disorders, thereby improving the quality of life for those affected. Although many articles highlight the need for further research, these results provide important implications for the dissemination, introduction, and application of this practice in the care and rehabilitation processes for individuals with these psychiatric conditions. This emphasizes the need for specific training for nurses and healthcare professionals working in mental health. Keywords: mindfulness, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, quality of life, effectiveness.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/75989