PROBLEM: Surgical wounds represent a significant risk factor for the development of post-operative infections, which can complicate clinical outcomes and prolong the healing time. Preventing such infections is crucial for facilitating effective recovery and reducing the care burden. This study focuses on patient education for self-management of surgical wounds, examining how targeted nursing interventions can significantly contribute to reducing the risk of infections. Despite improvements in surgical techniques and management protocols, the incidence of infections remains high, and a lack of proper patient knowledge in wound care can increase the risk of complications. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess, through existing literature, the effectiveness of nursing education in the self-management of surgical wounds, with particular attention to infection prevention. The goal is to explore how a targeted educational intervention can positively influence patients' ability to manage their wounds independently in the post-operative period, considering their individual skills and providing personalized education that meets each patient's specific needs. SAMPLE: Patients undergoing surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research for this literature review was conducted using the following electronic scientific databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. Among these, PubMed and Google Scholar were the most utilized. After a careful selection, 8 articles were included in the study, of which 6 were accepted and 2 were excluded. The articles come from different countries and types. They were then compared using a table listing the present and absent indicators. RESULTS: The comparison of results highlighted the importance of nursing education and its impact on patients. The results emphasized how education affects the number of readmissions after discharge, the effectiveness of personalized education, the greater benefit when the caregiver is also involved, and the importance of a multidisciplinary assessment before discharge to determine the patient's level of autonomy in managing the surgical wound. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our review clearly highlights the crucial role of nursing education in improving post-discharge patient outcomes. The results indicate that adequate education can significantly reduce the number of readmissions following discharge, suggesting a positive impact on patients' health management. Personalized education proves particularly effective, and involving the caregiver further amplifies the benefits. Additionally, a pre-discharge multidisciplinary assessment is essential to determine the patient's level of autonomy in wound management, contributing to a better quality of life and reducing the need for subsequent interventions. These results underline the need to implement targeted and engaging educational strategies and promote an integrated approach to post-discharge management to optimize clinical outcomes and patient well-being.
PROBLEMA: Le ferite chirurgiche costituiscono un fattore di rischio rilevante per l'insorgenza di infezioni post-operatorie, le quali possono complicare il decorso clinico e allungare i tempi di guari-gione. La prevenzione di tali infezioni è essenziale per favorire un recupero efficace e ridurre il cari-co assistenziale. Questo studio si concentra sull'educazione dei pazienti all'autogestione delle ferite chirurgiche, esaminando come un intervento infermieristico mirato possa contribuire in modo signifi-cativo alla riduzione del rischio di infezioni. Nonostante i miglioramenti nelle tecniche chirurgiche e nei protocolli di gestione, l'incidenza di infezioni rimane elevata, e la mancanza di una corretta cono-scenza da parte dei pazienti nella cura delle proprie ferite può aumentare il rischio di complicazioni. SCOPO: Lo scopo dello studio è verificare, attraverso la letteratura esistente, l'efficacia dell'educa-zione infermieristica nell'autogestione delle ferite chirurgiche, con particolare attenzione alla preven-zione delle infezioni. L'obiettivo è esplorare come un intervento formativo mirato possa influenzare positivamente la capacità dei pazienti di gestire autonomamente la propria ferita nel periodo post-operatorio, tenendo conto delle loro competenze individuali e garantendo un'educazione personaliz-zata che risponda ai bisogni specifici di ciascun paziente. CAMPIONE: Pazienti sottoposti ad intervento chirurgico. MATERIALE E METODI: La ricerca per questa revisione bibliografica è stata condotta utiliz-zando i seguenti database scientifici elettronici: Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library e CINAHL. Tra questi, PubMed e Google Scholar sono stati i più utilizzati. Dopo una sele-zione accurata, sono stati inclusi nello studio 8 articoli, di cui 6 sono stati accettati e 2 esclusi. Gli ar-ticoli provengono da diverse nazioni e tipologie. Sono stati quindi confrontati tramite una tabella che elenca gli indicatori presenti e assenti. RISULTATI: La comparazione dei risultati ha messo in luce l'importanza dell'educazione infermie-ristica e il suo impatto sui pazienti. I risultati hanno sottolineato come l'educazione influisca sul nu-mero di ricoveri dopo la dimissione, l'efficacia dell'educazione personalizzata, il maggiore beneficio quando anche il caregiver è coinvolto, e l'importanza di una valutazione multidisciplinare prima della dimissione per determinare il grado di autonomia del paziente nella gestione della ferita chirurgica. CONCLUSIONI: In conclusione, la nostra revisione evidenzia chiaramente il ruolo cruciale dell'e-ducazione infermieristica nel migliorare gli esiti dei pazienti post-dimissione. I risultati indicano che un'adeguata educazione può ridurre significativamente il numero di ricoveri successivi alla dimissio-ne, suggerendo un impatto positivo sulla gestione della salute dei pazienti. L'educazione personaliz-zata si dimostra particolarmente efficace, e il coinvolgimento del caregiver amplifica ulteriormente i benefici. Inoltre, una valutazione multidisciplinare pre-dimissione risulta fondamentale per determi-nare il livello di autonomia del paziente nella gestione delle ferite chirurgiche, contribuendo a una migliore qualità della vita e riducendo la necessità di interventi successivi. Questi risultati sottolinea-no la necessità di implementare strategie educative mirate e coinvolgenti, nonché di promuovere un approccio integrato alla gestione post-dimissione per ottimizzare i risultati clinici e il benessere dei pazienti.
Il contributo infermieristico nella gestione delle ferite chirurgiche: il valore dell’educazione come strumento di buona pratica
MARIAN, FABIOLA
2023/2024
Abstract
PROBLEM: Surgical wounds represent a significant risk factor for the development of post-operative infections, which can complicate clinical outcomes and prolong the healing time. Preventing such infections is crucial for facilitating effective recovery and reducing the care burden. This study focuses on patient education for self-management of surgical wounds, examining how targeted nursing interventions can significantly contribute to reducing the risk of infections. Despite improvements in surgical techniques and management protocols, the incidence of infections remains high, and a lack of proper patient knowledge in wound care can increase the risk of complications. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess, through existing literature, the effectiveness of nursing education in the self-management of surgical wounds, with particular attention to infection prevention. The goal is to explore how a targeted educational intervention can positively influence patients' ability to manage their wounds independently in the post-operative period, considering their individual skills and providing personalized education that meets each patient's specific needs. SAMPLE: Patients undergoing surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research for this literature review was conducted using the following electronic scientific databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. Among these, PubMed and Google Scholar were the most utilized. After a careful selection, 8 articles were included in the study, of which 6 were accepted and 2 were excluded. The articles come from different countries and types. They were then compared using a table listing the present and absent indicators. RESULTS: The comparison of results highlighted the importance of nursing education and its impact on patients. The results emphasized how education affects the number of readmissions after discharge, the effectiveness of personalized education, the greater benefit when the caregiver is also involved, and the importance of a multidisciplinary assessment before discharge to determine the patient's level of autonomy in managing the surgical wound. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our review clearly highlights the crucial role of nursing education in improving post-discharge patient outcomes. The results indicate that adequate education can significantly reduce the number of readmissions following discharge, suggesting a positive impact on patients' health management. Personalized education proves particularly effective, and involving the caregiver further amplifies the benefits. Additionally, a pre-discharge multidisciplinary assessment is essential to determine the patient's level of autonomy in wound management, contributing to a better quality of life and reducing the need for subsequent interventions. These results underline the need to implement targeted and engaging educational strategies and promote an integrated approach to post-discharge management to optimize clinical outcomes and patient well-being.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76020