Background: Weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation is a key step in intensive care, with a significant impact on clinical outcomes. This phase can lead to benefits such as the reduction of the duration of hospitalization and the prevention of serious complications. Nurses play an essential role at every stage of the process, from initial assessment to management of complications and post-estubing support. The complexity of this procedure requires specific preparation and application of evidence-based guidelines, such as those from 2017, which provide a structured and personalised approach to nursing care. Objective: The main purpose of this literature review is to identify and examine more recent research, as well as methods and procedures to educate nursing staff to reduce the physical and psychological trauma of patients during weaning from invasive ventilation. Materials and methods: The search for information was carried out using keywords in English, inclusion and exclusion criteria using filters and search strings in online search services. The survey was carried out through web searches, online encyclopaedias, biomedical scientific literature search services and textbooks. Research results: The adoption of guidelines for weaning from invasive ventilation has led to a significant improvement in nursing practice. This has allowed nurses to identify suitable patients more quickly and reduce the average time of ventilation, thus increasing the success rates of the estubation. In addition, this systematic approach has helped to reduce post-estubation complications such as re-tubing and respiratory infections. The psychological support and patient education further enriched the overall experience. In summary, the evidence-based approach has been shown to be effective in optimizing patient management during the weaning process. Discussion and Conclusions: Management of the transition from invasive ventilation is a crucial aspect that requires careful planning and monitoring by nursing staff. Our research has analysed the most effective practices and strategies to facilitate this process, underlining the importance of a structured and personalised approach. The results show that the implementation of advanced monitoring techniques and early intervention is crucial to reducing risks and improving clinical outcomes. In addition, continuing training of nurses and emotional support to patients are essential to ensure a smooth transition. Optimising clinical practices and adequately preparing staff can have a significant impact on the quality of care. In summary, well-organized nursing care is vital to maximize outcomes and ensure patient safety. Keywords: weaning; extubbing; invasive ventilation; PEEP; FiO2;
Background: Lo svezzamento dalla ventilazione meccanica invasiva è una fase fondamentale nella terapia intensiva, con un impatto notevole sugli esiti clinici. Questa fase può portare a benefici come la diminuzione della durata del ricovero e la prevenzione di complicanze gravi. Gli infermieri rivestono un ruolo essenziale in ogni tappa del processo, dalla valutazione iniziale alla gestione delle complicanze e al supporto post-estubazione. La complessità di questa procedura richiede una preparazione specifica e l'applicazione di linee guida basate su evidenze scientifiche, come quelle del 2017, che forniscono un approccio strutturato e personalizzato per l'assistenza infermieristica. Obiettivo: Lo scopo principale di questa revisione della letteratura è identificare ed esaminare ricerche più recenti, nonché i metodi e le procedure per educare il personale infermieristico a ridurre il trauma fisico e psicologico dei pazienti durante lo svezzamento dalla ventilazione invasiva. Materiali e metodi: La ricerca di informazioni è stata effettuata tramite parole chiave in inglese, criteri di inclusione ed esclusione tramite filtri e stringhe di ricerca nei servizi di ricerca online. L’indagine è stata realizzata attraverso ricerche sul web, enciclopedie online, servizi di ricerca di letteratura scientifica biomedica e libri di testo. Risultati della ricerca: L'adozione delle linee guida per il svezzamento dalla ventilazione invasiva ha portato a un miglioramento significativo nella pratica infermieristica. Questo ha consentito agli infermieri di identificare più rapidamente i pazienti idonei e di ridurre il tempo medio di ventilazione, aumentando così i tassi di successo dell'estubazione. Inoltre, questo approccio sistematico ha contribuito a ridurre le complicanze post-estubazione, come la reintubazione e le infezioni respiratorie. Il supporto psicologico e l'educazione dei pazienti hanno ulteriormente arricchito l'esperienza complessiva. In sintesi, l'approccio basato su evidenze si è dimostrato efficace nell'ottimizzare la gestione dei pazienti durante il processo di svezzamento. Discussione e conclusione: La gestione del passaggio dalla ventilazione invasiva è un aspetto cruciale che richiede una pianificazione e un monitoraggio attento da parte del personale infermieristico. La nostra ricerca ha analizzato le pratiche e le strategie più efficaci per agevolare questo processo, sottolineando l'importanza di un approccio strutturato e personalizzato. I risultati mostrano che l'implementazione di tecniche di monitoraggio avanzate e interventi tempestivi è fondamentale per ridurre i rischi e migliorare gli esiti clinici. Inoltre, la formazione continua degli infermieri e il supporto emotivo ai pazienti sono essenziali per garantire una transizione fluida. Ottimizzare le pratiche cliniche e preparare adeguatamente il personale può avere un impatto significativo sulla qualità dell'assistenza. In sintesi, un'assistenza infermieristica ben organizzata è vitale per massimizzare i risultati e garantire la sicurezza dei pazienti. Parole chiave: svezzamento; estubare; ventilazione invasiva; PEEP; FiO2; Keys word: weaning; extubate; invasive ventilation; PEEP; FiO2;
L'assistenza infermieristica durante lo svezzamento del paziente da ventilazione invasiva.
PADOAN, CLAUDIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Background: Weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation is a key step in intensive care, with a significant impact on clinical outcomes. This phase can lead to benefits such as the reduction of the duration of hospitalization and the prevention of serious complications. Nurses play an essential role at every stage of the process, from initial assessment to management of complications and post-estubing support. The complexity of this procedure requires specific preparation and application of evidence-based guidelines, such as those from 2017, which provide a structured and personalised approach to nursing care. Objective: The main purpose of this literature review is to identify and examine more recent research, as well as methods and procedures to educate nursing staff to reduce the physical and psychological trauma of patients during weaning from invasive ventilation. Materials and methods: The search for information was carried out using keywords in English, inclusion and exclusion criteria using filters and search strings in online search services. The survey was carried out through web searches, online encyclopaedias, biomedical scientific literature search services and textbooks. Research results: The adoption of guidelines for weaning from invasive ventilation has led to a significant improvement in nursing practice. This has allowed nurses to identify suitable patients more quickly and reduce the average time of ventilation, thus increasing the success rates of the estubation. In addition, this systematic approach has helped to reduce post-estubation complications such as re-tubing and respiratory infections. The psychological support and patient education further enriched the overall experience. In summary, the evidence-based approach has been shown to be effective in optimizing patient management during the weaning process. Discussion and Conclusions: Management of the transition from invasive ventilation is a crucial aspect that requires careful planning and monitoring by nursing staff. Our research has analysed the most effective practices and strategies to facilitate this process, underlining the importance of a structured and personalised approach. The results show that the implementation of advanced monitoring techniques and early intervention is crucial to reducing risks and improving clinical outcomes. In addition, continuing training of nurses and emotional support to patients are essential to ensure a smooth transition. Optimising clinical practices and adequately preparing staff can have a significant impact on the quality of care. In summary, well-organized nursing care is vital to maximize outcomes and ensure patient safety. Keywords: weaning; extubbing; invasive ventilation; PEEP; FiO2;File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76046