Problem: Pediatric cancer is a disease that nowadays reaches an overall survival of 80%, but there are some aggressive forms that are still fatal. Children and adolescents suffering from an irreversible form of cancer, need to rely on the palliative care network to ensure an adequate quality end of life. At this stage, both the patient and family members prefer to be cared at home, where the parents themselves can be involved in the care of the child, albeit facing several obstacles, including recognizing and treating the pain caused by the disease condition. Pain is the most common symptom associated with cancer, which is the more frequent symptom to face in pediatrics, that needs a parents‘ training. Objective:This thesis is a literature review regarding the experience and obstacles that parents face in managing their children's pain when cared for at home, with main attention on investigating nursing role. Materials and Methods: The review was conducted interrogating several databases including PubMed, Cinahl, and Google Scholar, and considering articles being published in the past decade, involving population aged 0-18 years. Furthermore, national and international documents and international group societies including WHO and the Ministry of Health were also consulted. Results: A total of 22 articles were selected that discussed information regarding how parents assess and manage children's pain at home highlighting that nursing education about symptom recognition, the use of nonpharmacological techniques, and of proper administration of analgesic medications are necessary to face cure at home. It emerges that for effective pain management, nurse should start with proper caregiver’s assessment, which should be modulated according to each patient. Conclusion and Discussion: In the palliative setting, it is crucial that nurses facilitate and establish an effective relationship with caregivers, and it is necessary to provide education to parents, who can feel the empowerment to take care of the child, as well as feeling more confident and motivated to learn new techniques for pain relief. Keywords:nurse, cancer child, palliative care, pain management, pain assessment and monitoring, parents, home.
Problema: I tumori in età pediatrica hanno raggiunto livelli globali di sopravvivenza intorno all’80%, tuttavia esistono delle forme più aggressive che possono essere fatali. I bambini e gli adolescenti possono soffrire di forme di cancro incurabile, tali da necessitare di cure palliative per garantire loro una qualità di fine vita adeguata. In questa fase sia il paziente che i familiari dovrebbero poter scegliere se essere assistiti a domicilio o in hospice. Le cure a domicilio prevedono che i genitori stessi possano essere coinvolti nella cura del minore, anche affrontando diversi ostacoli, tra cui riconoscere e trattare le algie provocate dalla condizione patologica. Il dolore rientra tra i sintomi più comuni associati al cancro, ma in ambito pediatrico la gestione del dolore è complessa e per questo motivo i genitori devono ricevere una corretta formazione da parte di un operatore sanitario. Obiettivo: Questa tesi è una revisione della letteratura sul vissuto e sugli ostacoli dei genitori di figli in cura palliativa quando curati a domicilio e vuole indagare il ruolo infermieristico in questo contesto. Materiali e metodi: La revisione è stata condotta tramite banche dati tra cui PubMed, Cinahl e Google Scholar. La scelta degli articoli ha considerato studi pubblicati negli ultimi dieci anni, con popolazione di età dai 0 ai 18 anni. Sono state consultate anche fonti terziarie e siti di associazioni nazionali e internazionali tra cui OMS e il Ministero della salute. Risultati: Sono stati selezionati in totale 22 articoli che trattano il dolore di pazienti pediatrici affetti da cancro in un contesto di malattia terminale e di come i genitori affrontano le cure a domicilio. La revisione fa emergere che per una gestione efficace del dolore oncologico è importante fornire una preparazione infermieristica specifica ai genitori affinché possano riconoscere i sintomi, utilizzare tecniche farmacologiche e non. Inoltre, emerge che per una gestione efficace del dolore, si deve saperlo valutare correttamente mediante uso di scale e si deve saper modulare l’intervento in base al singolo paziente. Conclusione e discussione: Infine, nel contesto palliativo è fondamentale che il personale sanitario instauri una relazione efficace con i caregivers e fornisca loro un’educazione appropriata per aumentare la responsabilizzazione e la fiducia nell’apprendere nuove tecniche per il trattamento del dolore per poter dare sollievo al figlio. Parole chiave: infermiere, bambino oncologico, cure palliative, gestione del dolore, valutazione e monitoraggio del dolore, genitori, domicilio.
Dolore e Cure Palliative Pediatriche: Revisione della Letteratura sul Ruolo dei Genitori e del Personale Infermieristico
PANELLA, GIULIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Problem: Pediatric cancer is a disease that nowadays reaches an overall survival of 80%, but there are some aggressive forms that are still fatal. Children and adolescents suffering from an irreversible form of cancer, need to rely on the palliative care network to ensure an adequate quality end of life. At this stage, both the patient and family members prefer to be cared at home, where the parents themselves can be involved in the care of the child, albeit facing several obstacles, including recognizing and treating the pain caused by the disease condition. Pain is the most common symptom associated with cancer, which is the more frequent symptom to face in pediatrics, that needs a parents‘ training. Objective:This thesis is a literature review regarding the experience and obstacles that parents face in managing their children's pain when cared for at home, with main attention on investigating nursing role. Materials and Methods: The review was conducted interrogating several databases including PubMed, Cinahl, and Google Scholar, and considering articles being published in the past decade, involving population aged 0-18 years. Furthermore, national and international documents and international group societies including WHO and the Ministry of Health were also consulted. Results: A total of 22 articles were selected that discussed information regarding how parents assess and manage children's pain at home highlighting that nursing education about symptom recognition, the use of nonpharmacological techniques, and of proper administration of analgesic medications are necessary to face cure at home. It emerges that for effective pain management, nurse should start with proper caregiver’s assessment, which should be modulated according to each patient. Conclusion and Discussion: In the palliative setting, it is crucial that nurses facilitate and establish an effective relationship with caregivers, and it is necessary to provide education to parents, who can feel the empowerment to take care of the child, as well as feeling more confident and motivated to learn new techniques for pain relief. Keywords:nurse, cancer child, palliative care, pain management, pain assessment and monitoring, parents, home.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
panella.giulia.2015108.pdf
accesso riservato
Dimensione
961.74 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
961.74 kB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76050