PROBLEM: The Person-Centred Care (PCC) model, designed by Tom Kitwood (1997), proposes an alternative and at the same time revolutionary approach regarding the assistance directed to people suffering from dementia. The core of this model consists in the global valorization of the person, recognizing his uniqueness and singolar needs. In the nursing care of a person with dementia, the PCC model preserves the personhood, placing at the centre the person with his emotions, his identity, his needs and his history. Kitwood, in the PCC model, describes five psychological needs that are necessary for every human being: comfort, attachment, inclusion, occupation and identity. How could the nurse adopt the Person - Centred Care model to improve the quality of life of a person with dementia? PURPOSE: To identify in the scientific literature whether Kitwood’s Person Centered Care model represents a breakthrough in nursing care for people with dementia. We will also try to grasp the role played by the nurse who, in addition to considering drug treatment, through the CCP becomes a builder of human relationships. SAMPLE: People aged 45 years and over with dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a literature review was carried out, using the following databases: Cinahl, Google Scholar and Pubmed with time restriction from 2014 to today. The filters used during the search have taken into account only free full text articles written in English. In total, 80 articles were detected. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 studies were analyzed, of which 6 were qualitative, 1 randomized controlled study and 1 experimental study. RESULTS: The Person-Centered Care model could demonstrate how nurses are able to create a more inclusive and welcoming health environment, improving the quality of life of their patients. The application of the Kitwood model reveals difficulties in care settings with limited resources and the aggravating factor of giving nurses a high workload. CONCLUSIONS: In the treatment of dementia, Person-Centred Care is a promising model; the nurse, by placing her own patient at the centre of her work, has the possibility to offer a better quality of care also from a relational point of view. Keyword: Person centred care, dementia, nursing, Kitwood.
PROBLEMA: Il modello Person Centred Care (PCC), ideato da Tom Kitwood (1997), propone un approccio alternativo e al contempo rivoluzionario in merito all’assistenza rivolta a persone affette da demenza. Il fulcro di questo modello consiste nella valorizzazione della persona dal punto di vista globale riconoscendo la sua unicità e le sue necessità singolari. Nella cura infermieristica della persona con demenza, il modello PCC preserva la personhood, ponendo al centro la persona con le sue emozioni, la sua identità, i suoi bisogni e la sua storia. Kitwood, nel modello PCC, descrive cinque bisogni psicologici, che sono necessari per ogni essere umano: comfort, attachment, inclusion, occupation e identity. In che modo l’infermiere potrebbe adottare il modello Person – Centred Care per migliorare la qualità di vita di una persona affetta da demenza? SCOPO: Individuare in letteratura scientifica se il modello Person Centred Care di Kitwood rappresenti una svolta nella cura infermieristica alle persone con demenza. Si tenterà di cogliere anche il ruolo svolto dall’infermiere che, oltre a prendere in considerazione il trattamento farmacologico, tramite il PCC diventa un costruttore di relazioni umane. CAMPIONE: Persone di età uguale o superiore a 45 anni affette da demenza MATERIALE E METODI: è stata effettuata una revisione della letteratura, utilizzando i seguenti database: Cinahl, Google Scholar e Pubmed con restrizione temporale dal 2014 ad oggi. I filtri utilizzati durante la ricerca hanno tenuto in considerazione i soli articoli free full text scritti in lingua inglese. In totale sono stati rilevati 80 articoli. In base ai criteri di inclusione e di esclusione sono stati analizzati 8 studi, di cui 6 qualitativi, 1 studio randomizzato controllato e 1 studio sperimentale. RISULTATI: Il modello Person Centred Care potrebbe dimostrare come gli infermieri siano in grado di creare un contesto sanitario più inclusivo ed accogliente, migliorando la qualità di vita dei loro assistiti. L’applicazione del modello di Kitwood fa emergere delle difficoltà in contesti assistenziali con risorse limitate e con l’aggravante di procurare agli infermieri un elevato carico di lavoro. CONCLUSIONI: Nella cura della demenza il Person Centred Care rappresenta un modello promettente; l’infermiere, ponendo al centro del suo lavoro il proprio assistito, ha la possibilità di offrire un’assistenza qualitativamente migliore anche dal punto di vista relazionale. Parole chiave: Cura centrata sulla persona, demenza, infermieristica, Kitwood
L'assistenza infermieristica a persone con demenza ispirata al modello di Kitwood: l'infermiere e il Person Centred Care
PIZZOLATO, GIORGIO
2023/2024
Abstract
PROBLEM: The Person-Centred Care (PCC) model, designed by Tom Kitwood (1997), proposes an alternative and at the same time revolutionary approach regarding the assistance directed to people suffering from dementia. The core of this model consists in the global valorization of the person, recognizing his uniqueness and singolar needs. In the nursing care of a person with dementia, the PCC model preserves the personhood, placing at the centre the person with his emotions, his identity, his needs and his history. Kitwood, in the PCC model, describes five psychological needs that are necessary for every human being: comfort, attachment, inclusion, occupation and identity. How could the nurse adopt the Person - Centred Care model to improve the quality of life of a person with dementia? PURPOSE: To identify in the scientific literature whether Kitwood’s Person Centered Care model represents a breakthrough in nursing care for people with dementia. We will also try to grasp the role played by the nurse who, in addition to considering drug treatment, through the CCP becomes a builder of human relationships. SAMPLE: People aged 45 years and over with dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a literature review was carried out, using the following databases: Cinahl, Google Scholar and Pubmed with time restriction from 2014 to today. The filters used during the search have taken into account only free full text articles written in English. In total, 80 articles were detected. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 studies were analyzed, of which 6 were qualitative, 1 randomized controlled study and 1 experimental study. RESULTS: The Person-Centered Care model could demonstrate how nurses are able to create a more inclusive and welcoming health environment, improving the quality of life of their patients. The application of the Kitwood model reveals difficulties in care settings with limited resources and the aggravating factor of giving nurses a high workload. CONCLUSIONS: In the treatment of dementia, Person-Centred Care is a promising model; the nurse, by placing her own patient at the centre of her work, has the possibility to offer a better quality of care also from a relational point of view. Keyword: Person centred care, dementia, nursing, Kitwood.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76064