Problem: The management of aggression in psychiatric patients admitted to Psychiatric Diagnosis and Care Services (SPDC) represents a significant challenge for healthcare professionals. In the past, physical and pharmacological restraint has been widely used as the primary tool to address acute episodes of agitation and aggressive behavior. However, in recent years, this practice has raised ethical, legal, and professional concerns, prompting the search for alternative solutions that better respect the dignity of the patient. Additionally, restraint can cause negative psychosocial consequences for both the patient and the ward staff, such as social isolation, decreased self-esteem, impaired therapeutic relationships, or increased anxiety and stress. For this reason, before resorting to coercive measures, it is essential to assess the available alternatives to ensure appropriate care, which in turn could help reduce the frequent need for restraints. Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to identify alternative strategies to restraint in psychiatric settings, with a particular focus on Psychiatric Diagnosis and Care Services (SPDC), to prevent and manage episodes of aggression. To this end, numerous studies on the subject were analyzed, comparing the different proposed strategies. It is hypothesized that the implementation of these alternatives could improve the quality of care offered to psychiatric patients, contributing to the reduction and prevention of aggressive behavior, thus limiting negative consequences for both healthcare workers and patients. Materials and Methods: This thesis was carried out through a review of the scientific literature on the subject. Scientific articles published between 2015 and 2024, deemed relevant to the chosen topic, were selected to highlight the importance of the issue. The research was conducted between August and September 2024, and materials were sourced from electronic databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, with the majority of sources written in English. Keywords: "aggression," "alternative strategies," "restraint," "psychiatry," "restraint reduction," "non-coercive," "aggression management"
Problema: La gestione dell'aggressività nei pazienti psichiatrici ricoverati nei Servizi Psichiatrici di Diagnosi e Cura (SPDC) costituisce una sfida significativa per i professionisti della salute. In passato, la contenzione fisica e farmacologica è stata ampiamente utilizzata come principale strumento per affrontare episodi acuti di agitazione e comportamento aggressivo. Tuttavia, negli ultimi anni, questa pratica ha sollevato implicazioni etiche, legali e deontologiche, spingendo alla ricerca di soluzioni alternative che rispettino maggiormente la dignità del paziente. In aggiunta, la contenzione può provocare conseguenze negative a livello psico-sociale sia per il paziente che per il personale del reparto, come l’isolamento sociale, diminuzione dell'autostima, compromissione della relazione terapeutica o un aumento di ansia e stress. Per questo motivo, prima di ricorrere a misure coercitive, è fondamentale valutare le possibili alternative disponibili, allo scopo di garantire un'assistenza appropriata che, a sua volta, potrebbe contribuire a ridurre la necessità di contenzioni frequenti. Obiettivi: Il principale obiettivo di questo elaborato è individuare strategie alternative alla contenzione da applicare in ambito psichiatrico, con particolare attenzione ai Servizi Psichiatrici di Diagnosi e Cura (SPDC), per prevenire e gestire gli episodi di aggressività. A tal fine, sono stati analizzati numerosi studi sull'argomento, confrontando le diverse strategie proposte. Si ipotizza che l'implementazione di queste alternative possa migliorare la qualità dell'assistenza offerta ai pazienti psichiatrici, contribuendo a ridurre e prevenire comportamenti aggressivi, limitando così le conseguenze negative sia per gli operatori sanitari che per i pazienti. Materiali e metodi: Questa tesi è stato svolta mediante una revisione della letteratura scientifica sul tema trattato. Sono stati selezionati articoli scientifici pubblicati dal 2015 al 2024, considerati rilevanti per l’argomento prescelto, al fine di evidenziare l'importanza del problema. La ricerca si è svolta tra agosto e settembre 2024; e il materiale è stato reperito da database elettronici quali: PubMed, CINAHL e Google Scholar. Con la maggior parte delle fonti reperite, scritte in lingua inglese. Parole chiave: “aggressione”, “strategie alternative”, “contenzione”, “psichiatria”, “riduzione delle contenzioni”, “non coercitivo”, “gestione dell’aggressività”
“Gestione non coercitiva dell’aggressività nei pazienti psichiatrici: esplorando strategie alternative alle contenzioni in SPDC”
PROVEDEL, SOFIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Problem: The management of aggression in psychiatric patients admitted to Psychiatric Diagnosis and Care Services (SPDC) represents a significant challenge for healthcare professionals. In the past, physical and pharmacological restraint has been widely used as the primary tool to address acute episodes of agitation and aggressive behavior. However, in recent years, this practice has raised ethical, legal, and professional concerns, prompting the search for alternative solutions that better respect the dignity of the patient. Additionally, restraint can cause negative psychosocial consequences for both the patient and the ward staff, such as social isolation, decreased self-esteem, impaired therapeutic relationships, or increased anxiety and stress. For this reason, before resorting to coercive measures, it is essential to assess the available alternatives to ensure appropriate care, which in turn could help reduce the frequent need for restraints. Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to identify alternative strategies to restraint in psychiatric settings, with a particular focus on Psychiatric Diagnosis and Care Services (SPDC), to prevent and manage episodes of aggression. To this end, numerous studies on the subject were analyzed, comparing the different proposed strategies. It is hypothesized that the implementation of these alternatives could improve the quality of care offered to psychiatric patients, contributing to the reduction and prevention of aggressive behavior, thus limiting negative consequences for both healthcare workers and patients. Materials and Methods: This thesis was carried out through a review of the scientific literature on the subject. Scientific articles published between 2015 and 2024, deemed relevant to the chosen topic, were selected to highlight the importance of the issue. The research was conducted between August and September 2024, and materials were sourced from electronic databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, with the majority of sources written in English. Keywords: "aggression," "alternative strategies," "restraint," "psychiatry," "restraint reduction," "non-coercive," "aggression management"File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76067