BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance and MDR bacterial colonization are topics of increasing interest and study over recent years. This descriptive observational study is part of a project of the Internal Medicine 3 hospital ward of Angelo’s hospital in Mestre, part of the AULSS 3. AIM OF STUDY The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine wipes, used for patient’s hygiene instead of regular soaps. METHODS The study was divided into four phases: the first phase was a literature review to understand the problem, what preventive strategies are currently being implemented to address the problem, what scientific evidence is present in literature about treatment with chlorhexidine wipes and their effectiveness. In the second phase, an educational meeting was carried out with the ward staff to provide instructions on the use of these wipes. The third phase included data collection and observation of data of interest for the study. The fourth and final phase, carried out an analysis of the data collected. RESULTS 8 patients who tested positive for MDRO from rectal swab were taken into consideration during the 4 months of observation period. Once positivity was confirmed, the treatment with chlorhexidine wipes used for daily hygiene begun. 7 days after the confirmed positivity and from the start of the treatment, a monitoring rectal swab was repeated, to verify the colonization status. Out of the 8 patients taken into consideration, 6 underwent antibiotic therapy. Finally, 2 patients tested negative at the 7-days control rectal swab. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that there are several factors that can influence the decolonization of the patient, such as the use of antibiotics, to which these wipes can only be of support. The main limit of this study is represented by the small sample, that makes it difficult to draw relevant conclusions. It will certainly be of scientific interest to explore this topic in depth to understand if these wipes can contribute to reduce the MDRO’s colonization time. It would therefore be desirable for future studies to have a larger sample and a control group, a greater observation time, extending the use of chlorhexidine wipes to more wards, contexts and hospitals and/or residential facilities, in order to consider it a multicenter study. KEYWORDS: Chlorhexidine bathing, MDRO decolonization, decolonization chlorhexidine, AMR chlorhexidine, bacterial decolonization, Multidrug resistance organism prevention.
INTRODUZIONE Antibioticoresistenza e colonizzazione batterica da MDR (multidrug resistant), sono argomenti di studio attuale e di sempre più crescente interesse negli ultimi anni. Lo studio osservazionale descrittivo condotto, si inserisce in un progetto di reparto presso l’U.O.C Medicina Interna sez. 3, del presidio ospedaliero dell’Angelo di Mestre, dell’Azienda ULSS 3 Serenissima. SCOPO DELLO STUDIO Lo scopo dello studio è stato quello di valutare l’efficacia di salviette imbevute con clorexidina, utilizzate per l’igiene in sostituzione dei metodi tradizionali. MATERIALI E METODI Lo studio è stato articolato in quattro fasi: la prima, di revisione della letteratura per fare luce sul problema, su quali strategie preventive vengono attualmente messe in atto per contrastarlo, e su quali fossero le evidenze scientifiche presenti in letteratura, sull’utilizzo e l’efficacia delle salviette con clorexidina. Nella seconda fase è stato progettato e realizzato un incontro educativo con il personale di reparto per fornire istruzioni sull’utilizzo di tali salviette. Nella terza fase, si è passati alla raccolta e osservazione dei dati di interesse per lo studio, nella quarta fase è stata effettuata l’analisi dei dati raccolti. RISULTATI Sono stati presi in considerazione 8 pazienti, risultati positivi al tampone rettale per MDRO durante i 4 mesi di osservazione. Una volta accertata la positività, veniva iniziato il trattamento, con l’utilizzo di salviette con clorexidina utilizzate per l’igiene quotidiana. A 7 giorni dall’accertata positività, e dall’inizio del trattamento, veniva ripetuto un tampone rettale di controllo, per verificare lo stato di colonizzazione. Degli 8 pazienti presi in considerazione, 6 sono stati sottoposti a terapia antibiotica. Infine, 2 pazienti sono risultati negativi al tampone di controllo a 7 giorni. CONCLUSIONI Lo studio ha dimostrato che sono diversi i fattori che possono influire sulla decolonizzazione del paziente, uno dei quali è l’uso di antibiotici, mentre le salviette non possono che essere di supporto. Il limite principale dello studio è rappresentato dal campione ridotto, che rende difficile trarre delle considerazioni rilevanti. Sicuramente sarà di interesse approfondire tale tematica, per comprendere se queste salviette possano contribuire a ridurre il tempo di colonizzazione da MDRO. Sarebbe quindi auspicabile per uno studio futuro, avere un campione più ampio ed un gruppo di controllo, un tempo di osservazione maggiore, estendendo l’utilizzo di salviette con clorexidina a più reparti, contesti, ospedali e/o strutture residenziali, così da poter pensare ad uno studio multicentrico. PAROLE CHIAVE: Bagno con clorexidina, decolonizzazione, MDRO, decolonizzazione con clorexidina, Antibioticoresistenza, Antibioticoresistenza e clorexidina, decolonizzazione batterica, Prevenzione e MDRO.
LA DETERSIONE CON CLOREXIDINA/SALVIETTE RIDUCE DAVVERO I TEMPI DI COLONIZZAZIONE DA GERMI MDRO? STUDIO OSSERVAZIONALE DESCRITTIVO
RANZATO, DANIELE
2023/2024
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance and MDR bacterial colonization are topics of increasing interest and study over recent years. This descriptive observational study is part of a project of the Internal Medicine 3 hospital ward of Angelo’s hospital in Mestre, part of the AULSS 3. AIM OF STUDY The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine wipes, used for patient’s hygiene instead of regular soaps. METHODS The study was divided into four phases: the first phase was a literature review to understand the problem, what preventive strategies are currently being implemented to address the problem, what scientific evidence is present in literature about treatment with chlorhexidine wipes and their effectiveness. In the second phase, an educational meeting was carried out with the ward staff to provide instructions on the use of these wipes. The third phase included data collection and observation of data of interest for the study. The fourth and final phase, carried out an analysis of the data collected. RESULTS 8 patients who tested positive for MDRO from rectal swab were taken into consideration during the 4 months of observation period. Once positivity was confirmed, the treatment with chlorhexidine wipes used for daily hygiene begun. 7 days after the confirmed positivity and from the start of the treatment, a monitoring rectal swab was repeated, to verify the colonization status. Out of the 8 patients taken into consideration, 6 underwent antibiotic therapy. Finally, 2 patients tested negative at the 7-days control rectal swab. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that there are several factors that can influence the decolonization of the patient, such as the use of antibiotics, to which these wipes can only be of support. The main limit of this study is represented by the small sample, that makes it difficult to draw relevant conclusions. It will certainly be of scientific interest to explore this topic in depth to understand if these wipes can contribute to reduce the MDRO’s colonization time. It would therefore be desirable for future studies to have a larger sample and a control group, a greater observation time, extending the use of chlorhexidine wipes to more wards, contexts and hospitals and/or residential facilities, in order to consider it a multicenter study. KEYWORDS: Chlorhexidine bathing, MDRO decolonization, decolonization chlorhexidine, AMR chlorhexidine, bacterial decolonization, Multidrug resistance organism prevention.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76075