Abstract Introduction: The shortage of nurses represents a crucial challenge to ensure the sustainability of the National Health System (NHS), and the quality of care, the increase in the phenomenon of Intention to Leave (ITL) is a worrying indicator of this, as if we fail to understand it and increase retention, it will exacerbate the shortage of professionals. Aim: The following thesis explores the phenomenon of ITL among nurses, going to indentify its critical factors and policies adopted or proposed at the international and national level, evaluating its transferability to the Italian context. Method: Through a literature review based on PRISMA guidelines and the PICO model, recent studies (2019-2024) were selected to map the strategies adopted to increase staff retention identify the critical factors of ITL. Results: It is shown that ITL is a multidimensional phenomenon influenced by both organizational and individual factors, such as difficult working conditions with high loads given the shortage of nurses, lack of professional and career growth, inadequate leadership, and job dissatisfaction. Policies deemed most effective in counteracting ITL include creating positive work environments, inclusive leadership, mentorship programs and you transition into the world of work for new nurses, and professional development opportunities to increase job satisfaction. The transferability of these policies to the Italian context requires careful evaluation of their sustainability, especially economic sustainability, to ensure that they become structural measures and not occasional or temporary initiatives. This approach would allow the health system to evolve toward greater efficiency, moving from a costly and sometimes ineffective model to a virtuous and more effective one. Conclusions: It turns out to be essential, to invest in the nursing resource not only financially, but also by improving opportunities for professional growth, participation in decision-making, and personal and professional recognition. In other words, a cultural change is essential: from the model of sacrifice and dedication to one that promotes the human and scientific quality of the nursing profession. this new model must offer nurses meaningful stimulation, perspectives and opportunities, moving beyond the approach that sees nursing work as a set of standardized technical activities, and instead valuing their contribution to the quality of care and sustainability of the health care system.
Abstract Introduzione: La carenza di infermieri rappresenta una sfida cruciale per garantire la sostenibilità del Sistema Sanitario Nazionale (SSN), e la qualità delle cure, l’aumento del fenomeno dell’Intention to leave ovvero l’intenzione di abbandonare il proprio lavoro o la professione ne è un indicatore preoccupante, in quanto se non si riesce a comprenderlo ed aumentare la retention, andrà a aggravare la carenza di professionisti. Obiettivo: La seguente tesi esplora il fenomeno dell’ITL tra gli infermieri, andando a indentificarne i fattori critici e le politiche adottate o proposte a livello internazionale e nazionale, valutandone la trasferibilità al contesto italiano. Metodo: Attraverso una revisione della letteratura basata sulle linee guida PRISMA e sul modello PICO, sono stati selezionati studi recenti (2019-2024) per mappare le strategie adottate per aumentare la retention del personale individuare i fattori critici del’ITL. Risultati: Si evidenzia come l’ITL sia un fenomeno multidimensionale influenzato da fattori sia organizzativi che individuali, come condizioni di lavoro difficili con carichi elevati, data dalla carenza di infermieri, mancata crescita professionale e di carriera, leadership inadeguata e insoddisfazione lavorativa. Le politiche ritenute più efficaci per contrastare l’ITL comprendono la creazione di ambienti di lavoro positivi, leadership inclusiva, programmi di mentorship e si transizione nel mondo del lavoro per i nuovi infermieri e opportunità di sviluppo professionale per aumentare la soddisfazione lavorativa. La trasferibilità di tali politiche nel contesto italiano richiede una valutazione attenta della loro sostenibilità, soprattutto economica, per garantire che diventino misure strutturali e non iniziative occasionali o temporanee. Questo approccio consentirebbe al sistema sanitario di evolvere verso una maggiore efficienza, passando da un modello costoso e talvolta inefficace a uno virtuoso e a più elevata efficacia. Conclusioni: Risulta essenziale, investire nella risorsa infermieristica non solo dal punto di vista finanziario, ma anche migliorando le opportunità di crescita professionale, la partecipazione ai processi decisionali e il riconoscimento personale e professionale. In altre parole, è fondamentale un cambiamento culturale: dal modello di sacrificio e dedizione a quello che promuove la qualità umana e scientifica della professione infermieristica. Questo nuovo modello deve offrire agli infermieri stimoli, prospettive e opportunità significative, superando l’approccio che vede il lavoro infermieristico come un insieme di attività tecniche standardizzate, e valorizzando, invece, il loro contributo alla qualità dell’assistenza e alla sostenibilità del sistema sanitario.
Politiche per il contrasto dell’intention to leave proposte o adottate per l’infermieristica italiana: revisione della letteratura.
ROSSI, SONNY
2023/2024
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: The shortage of nurses represents a crucial challenge to ensure the sustainability of the National Health System (NHS), and the quality of care, the increase in the phenomenon of Intention to Leave (ITL) is a worrying indicator of this, as if we fail to understand it and increase retention, it will exacerbate the shortage of professionals. Aim: The following thesis explores the phenomenon of ITL among nurses, going to indentify its critical factors and policies adopted or proposed at the international and national level, evaluating its transferability to the Italian context. Method: Through a literature review based on PRISMA guidelines and the PICO model, recent studies (2019-2024) were selected to map the strategies adopted to increase staff retention identify the critical factors of ITL. Results: It is shown that ITL is a multidimensional phenomenon influenced by both organizational and individual factors, such as difficult working conditions with high loads given the shortage of nurses, lack of professional and career growth, inadequate leadership, and job dissatisfaction. Policies deemed most effective in counteracting ITL include creating positive work environments, inclusive leadership, mentorship programs and you transition into the world of work for new nurses, and professional development opportunities to increase job satisfaction. The transferability of these policies to the Italian context requires careful evaluation of their sustainability, especially economic sustainability, to ensure that they become structural measures and not occasional or temporary initiatives. This approach would allow the health system to evolve toward greater efficiency, moving from a costly and sometimes ineffective model to a virtuous and more effective one. Conclusions: It turns out to be essential, to invest in the nursing resource not only financially, but also by improving opportunities for professional growth, participation in decision-making, and personal and professional recognition. In other words, a cultural change is essential: from the model of sacrifice and dedication to one that promotes the human and scientific quality of the nursing profession. this new model must offer nurses meaningful stimulation, perspectives and opportunities, moving beyond the approach that sees nursing work as a set of standardized technical activities, and instead valuing their contribution to the quality of care and sustainability of the health care system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76081