Background: Liver cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by progressive damage that leads to fibrosis and impaired liver function. It is a significant health problem that affects approximately 27 million people, including 1.5 million in Italy, and is the ninth leading cause of death in our country. The disease is often diagnosed in an advanced stage with related complications that have a negative impact on the lives of patients both economically and psychologically. Objective: the aim of the study is to demonstrate how the nurse is relevant in the management of patients with liver cirrhosis. Through prevention and therapeutic education, the nurse instructs and accompanies the patient to better manage their disease, reducing possible complications. Materials and methods: a review of the literature was carried out. The sources used are: the international database of PubMed, the official pages of Italian scientific societies and international scientific journals. The keywords used were: “liver disease”, “therapeutic education”, “nursing care”, “prevention”, “liver cirrhosis”, “chronic disease”. Results: Early intervention by nurses through prevention and therapeutic education leads to an improvement in the patient’s quality of life, reducing hospitalizations and complications related to the disease. Studies have shown that the most effective nursing interventions are correct information and education of the patient regarding alcohol intake and correct information on vaccination prophylaxis. These have been identified as the most relevant results, since both causes are more responsible for liver cirrhosis than other causal factors. Conclusions: The results obtained suggest that the implementation of therapeutic education programs in the context of nursing care is essential for the control of liver cirrhosis. These programs, adapted to the individual needs of the patient, promote greater collaboration between patients and healthcare professionals, promoting improved disease management and an increase in quality of life.
Background: La cirrosi epatica è una malattia cronica del fegato caratterizzata da un danno progressivo che porta a fibrosi e compromissione della funzione epatica. È un problema di salute significativo che coinvolge circa 27 milioni di persone tra cui 1 milione e mezzo in Italia e la nona causa di morta nel nostro paese. Spesso la patologia viene diagnosticata in fase avanzata con le relative complicanze che hanno un impatto negativo nella vita dei pazienti sia a livello economico che psicologico. Obiettivo: l’obiettivo dello studio è dimostrare come l’infermiere sia rilevante nella gestione del paziente con cirrosi epatica. Attraverso la prevenzione e l’educazione terapeutica l’infermiere istruisce e accompagna il paziente a gestire al meglio la propria malattia, riducendo le possibili complicanze. Materiali e metodi: è stata effettuata una revisione della letteratura. Le fonti utilizzate sono: la banca dati internazionale di PubMed, le pagine ufficiali di società scientifiche italiane e le riviste scientifiche internazionali. Le parole chiave utilizzate sono state: “liver disease”, “therapeutic education”, “nursing care”, “prevention”, “liver cirrhosis”, “chronic disease”. Risultati: l’intervento precoce dell’infermiere attraverso la prevenzione e l’educazione terapeutica determina un miglioramento della qualità di vita del paziente, riducendo le ospedalizzazioni e le complicanze legate alla malattia. Dagli studi è risultato che gli interventi infermieristici più efficaci sono la corretta informazione e l'educazione del paziente riguardo all'assunzione di alcol e la corretta informazione sulla profilassi vaccinale. Questi sono stati identificati come i risultati più rilevanti, poiché entrambe le cause sono maggiormente responsabili della cirrosi epatica rispetto ad altri fattori causali. Conclusioni: I risultati ottenuti suggeriscono che l'implementazione di programmi di educazione terapeutica nel contesto dell'assistenza infermieristica è essenziale per il controllo della cirrosi epatica. Tali programmi, adattati alle esigenze individuali del paziente, favoriscono una maggiore collaborazione tra paziente e operatori sanitari, promuovendo il miglioramento della gestione della malattia e un aumento della qualità della vita. Parole chiave: educazione terapeutica, prevenzione, cirrosi epatica, gestione della malattia.
Assistenza infermieristica ed educazione terapeutica nel paziente con cirrosi epatica
SCHIAVON, ALESSIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Background: Liver cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by progressive damage that leads to fibrosis and impaired liver function. It is a significant health problem that affects approximately 27 million people, including 1.5 million in Italy, and is the ninth leading cause of death in our country. The disease is often diagnosed in an advanced stage with related complications that have a negative impact on the lives of patients both economically and psychologically. Objective: the aim of the study is to demonstrate how the nurse is relevant in the management of patients with liver cirrhosis. Through prevention and therapeutic education, the nurse instructs and accompanies the patient to better manage their disease, reducing possible complications. Materials and methods: a review of the literature was carried out. The sources used are: the international database of PubMed, the official pages of Italian scientific societies and international scientific journals. The keywords used were: “liver disease”, “therapeutic education”, “nursing care”, “prevention”, “liver cirrhosis”, “chronic disease”. Results: Early intervention by nurses through prevention and therapeutic education leads to an improvement in the patient’s quality of life, reducing hospitalizations and complications related to the disease. Studies have shown that the most effective nursing interventions are correct information and education of the patient regarding alcohol intake and correct information on vaccination prophylaxis. These have been identified as the most relevant results, since both causes are more responsible for liver cirrhosis than other causal factors. Conclusions: The results obtained suggest that the implementation of therapeutic education programs in the context of nursing care is essential for the control of liver cirrhosis. These programs, adapted to the individual needs of the patient, promote greater collaboration between patients and healthcare professionals, promoting improved disease management and an increase in quality of life.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76089