Introduction. Late preterm infants represent a particular group of preterm infants, for whom follow-up is not provided by neonatology. However, it seems that they are more likely to have difficulties in some areas of their psychomotor development, if compared to term infants. Objective. The aim of this thesis is to examine psychomotor development of late preterm infants at 12 and 18 months of corrected age for prematurity, to evaluate potential issues. Materials and methods. Recent scientific literature was reviewed in order to analyse studies on this topic and determine on which developmental areas focus during the evaluation. At first the sample was composed of 11 children, but 4 of them drop out of the project; in one case completing the observation at 18 months wasn’t possible, even if the family didn’t drop out of the project. Information about psychomotor development was obtained by two sessions (at 12 and 18 months of corrected age for prematurity) to observe children’s developmental skills and by administrating some questionnaires to parents. Discussion. It resulted that late preterm infants examined in this study are more likely to have poorer language and attention skills at both 12 and 18 months; from the observation sessions and questionnaires, it resulted that the developmental trajectory remains stable in some cases, becomes higher in one case and lower in other cases. Moreover, children with lower gestational age seem to be less competent. However, due to a small sample and only few questionnaires scored, it isn’t possible to be sure about the observations’ reliability. In case of twins, the two infants have different developmental skills in different developmental areas. In addition to this, parents’ worries decrease with the increasing of children’s age. Conclusions. Late preterm infants don’t have relevant issues regarding developmental skills at 12 and 18 months. However, there seem to be some difficulties in language development and attention skills, which have an impact on staying in a game for and adequate time and on play skills. Because of this, it could be useful to provide follow-up for these infants, to monitor their development and to support parents.
Introduzione. I neonati late preterm sono una particolare categoria di neonati pretermine per la quale non è previsto il follow-up da parte della neonatologia. La letteratura individua un maggior rischio, rispetto ai nati a termine, di riscontrare difficoltà in alcune aree dello sviluppo psicomotorio. Obiettivo. Questa tesi si pone l’obiettivo di indagare lo sviluppo psicomotorio dei bambini late preterm a 12 e 18 mesi di età corretta, per rilevare eventuali ricadute. Materiali e metodi. È stata effettuata una revisione della letteratura recente per analizzare gli studi già esistenti su questa categoria di neonati e individuare le aree di sviluppo su cui orientare il monitoraggio. Il campione iniziale era composto da 11 bambini, 4 dei quali hanno abbandonato il progetto; in un caso non è stato possibile completare l’osservazione a 18 mesi nonostante l’adesione al progetto. Le informazioni sullo sviluppo psicomotorio sono state rilevate attraverso due sedute di osservazione (una a 12 mesi e una a 18 mesi di età corretta) e la somministrazione di alcuni questionari ai genitori. Discussione. È emerso che i bambini late preterm esaminati presentano leggere difficoltà nello sviluppo del linguaggio e nelle competenze attentive sia a 12 sia a 18 mesi; considerando le osservazioni e i questionari dei bambini osservati prima a 12 e poi a 18 mesi, la traiettoria di sviluppo rimane costante in alcuni casi, migliora in un caso e diminuisce in altri. Inoltre, i bambini con età gestazionale minore sembrano essere maggiormente in difficoltà. Tuttavia, a causa del campione ridotto e dello scarso numero di questionari ai quali si è potuto effettuare lo scoring, non è possibile stabilire con certezza l’attendibilità delle osservazioni. Per quanto riguarda i gemelli, si riscontra che i due bambini presentano diverse competenze nelle diverse aree di sviluppo. Si osserva inoltre che la preoccupazione del genitore diminuisce all’aumentare dell’età del bambino. Conclusioni. I bambini late preterm non presentano significativi segnali di allarme per quanto riguarda le competenze rilevate a 12 e 18 mesi di età corretta. Si possono tuttavia osservare alcune ricadute nello sviluppo comunicativo-linguistico e nelle competenze attentive, che influenzano la permanenza nell’attività e le competenze di gioco. Potrebbe quindi essere utile istituire delle sedute di follow-up per questa categoria di nati pretermine in modo da monitorare il loro sviluppo e sostenere i genitori.
Il follow-up del neonato late preterm e il ruolo del Terapista della Neuro e Psicomotricità dell'Età Evolutiva nella promozione dello sviluppo psicomotorio
BARBIERI, MATILDE
2023/2024
Abstract
Introduction. Late preterm infants represent a particular group of preterm infants, for whom follow-up is not provided by neonatology. However, it seems that they are more likely to have difficulties in some areas of their psychomotor development, if compared to term infants. Objective. The aim of this thesis is to examine psychomotor development of late preterm infants at 12 and 18 months of corrected age for prematurity, to evaluate potential issues. Materials and methods. Recent scientific literature was reviewed in order to analyse studies on this topic and determine on which developmental areas focus during the evaluation. At first the sample was composed of 11 children, but 4 of them drop out of the project; in one case completing the observation at 18 months wasn’t possible, even if the family didn’t drop out of the project. Information about psychomotor development was obtained by two sessions (at 12 and 18 months of corrected age for prematurity) to observe children’s developmental skills and by administrating some questionnaires to parents. Discussion. It resulted that late preterm infants examined in this study are more likely to have poorer language and attention skills at both 12 and 18 months; from the observation sessions and questionnaires, it resulted that the developmental trajectory remains stable in some cases, becomes higher in one case and lower in other cases. Moreover, children with lower gestational age seem to be less competent. However, due to a small sample and only few questionnaires scored, it isn’t possible to be sure about the observations’ reliability. In case of twins, the two infants have different developmental skills in different developmental areas. In addition to this, parents’ worries decrease with the increasing of children’s age. Conclusions. Late preterm infants don’t have relevant issues regarding developmental skills at 12 and 18 months. However, there seem to be some difficulties in language development and attention skills, which have an impact on staying in a game for and adequate time and on play skills. Because of this, it could be useful to provide follow-up for these infants, to monitor their development and to support parents.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76308