Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) pervasively interferes with the daily life of the child; the motor praxis difficulties and the socio-emotional and Executive Functions weaknesses often involve children with this disorder to give up participating in sports activities. Early introduction in an educational-sport setting and the choice of a sport activity that enhances child’s individuality and their sense of self-efficacy can be effective tool to support motor, psychological and social development for children with DCD. Literature suggests that the proposal of “open skills” sports activities, including martial arts like Karate, could support the development of motor and praxis abilities, executive functions, social skills and emotional and behavioral regulation. This thesis project sets the goal to support the experience of sports activity in a facilitating context for a group of children with DCD, examining the results of a project to introduce to Karate as part of therapeutic continuum outside the specific neuropsychomotor therapy setting. The project consisted of 15 gym sessions with the participation of four preschool-aged children diagnosed with DCD, with the informed consent of the parents. The neuropsychomotor observation and assessment process was carried out using the MABC-2, Checklist MABC-2, TPV and Attention and Executive Functioning domain of the NEPSY II, to understand each participant’s strengths and weaknesses and adapt objectives and strategies. During the project, the children participated in activities and games typical of a Karate training, which were detailed in an illustrative brochure, with the goal of supporting motor and praxis skills, attention, planning and organization of movements and play space, self-efficacy perception and social skills within a small group context, structured according to the typical Karate class organization. During the project, monitoring tools were used to observe the group throughout the process. At the end of the project’s gym sessions, some improvements were observed in motor and praxis skills and in Executive Functions. However, the project to introduce the small group to Karate showed positive results especially in relational and social skills, emotional regulation, increased self-esteem and self-efficacy in the face of challenges. Despite the small sample size and limited timeframe, it can be concluded that a targeted, supportive and child-centered sports-educational intervention could contribute to achieving therapeutic-rehabilitative goals for a child with DCD.
Il Disturbo della Coordinazione Motoria (DCM) interferisce in modo pervasivo nella vita quotidiana del bambino; le difficoltà motorio prassiche, socio-emotive e in ambito delle funzioni esecutive implicano molto spesso una rinuncia alla partecipazione nelle attività sportive da parte dei bambini con tale disturbo. L’inserimento in un contesto educativo-sportivo precoce e la scelta di un’attività sportiva che avvalori l’individualità e il senso di autoefficacia del singolo possono essere dei validi strumenti per sostenere lo sviluppo motorio, psichico e sociale del bambino con DCM. La letteratura riporta che la proposta di attività sportive “open skills”, tra cui rientrano le arti marziali, come il Karate, potrebbe sostenere l’implemento delle abilità motorio-prassiche e delle funzioni esecutive e favorire lo sviluppo delle abilità sociali e la regolazione emotivo-comportamentale. Questo progetto di tesi si pone l’obiettivo di favorire la sperimentazione dell’attività sportiva in un contesto facilitante per un gruppo di bambini con DCM, analizzando gli effetti di una proposta di avviamento al Karate, in un’ottica di continuum terapeutico al di fuori dell’ambiente specifico di terapia neuropsicomotoria. Il progetto, costituito da 15 incontri in palestra, ha visto la partecipazione di 4 bambini in età prescolare con diagnosi di DCM, previo consenso informato dei genitori; in prima battuta è stato svolto un iter di osservazione e valutazione neuropsicomotoria tramite MABC-2, Checklist MABC-2, TPV e dominio Attenzione e Funzioni Esecutive della batteria NEPSY II, per approfondire punti di forza e di debolezza di ogni partecipante e poter adattare obiettivi e strategie. I bambini nel corso del progetto hanno potuto sperimentare attività e giochi tipici di un allenamento di Karate, i quali sono stati descritti all’interno di una brochure illustrativa, con l’obiettivo di sostenere le competenze motorio-prassiche, l’attenzione, l’organizzazione e la pianificazione dei movimenti e di uno spazio di gioco, la percezione di autoefficacia e le abilità sociali in un contesto di piccolo gruppo, all’interno di una lezione strutturata secondo la strutturazione tipica del Karate. Durante il progetto sono stati utilizzati strumenti di monitoraggio per l’osservazione del gruppo in itinere. Al termine delle lezioni, sono stati osservati e riscontrati alcuni miglioramenti in ambito motorio-prassico e delle Funzioni Esecutive. In particolare, però, l’esperienza di avviamento al Karate in piccolo gruppo ha avuto esiti positivi riguardo le competenze relazionali e di socializzazione, la regolazione emotiva, l’aumento di autostima e di percezione di autoefficacia di fronte alle sfide proposte. Nonostante il piccolo campione e le tempistiche limitate, si può concludere che un intervento sportivo-educativo mirato, facilitante e attento ai bisogni specifici del singolo potrebbe supportare e collaborare al raggiungimento degli obiettivi fissati in ambito terapeutico-riabilitativo per un bambino con DCM.
"Hajime: iniziamo a combattere...": un progetto di avviamento al Karate per un gruppo di bambini con Disturbo della Coordinazione Motoria
PAULETTO, MARTINA
2023/2024
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) pervasively interferes with the daily life of the child; the motor praxis difficulties and the socio-emotional and Executive Functions weaknesses often involve children with this disorder to give up participating in sports activities. Early introduction in an educational-sport setting and the choice of a sport activity that enhances child’s individuality and their sense of self-efficacy can be effective tool to support motor, psychological and social development for children with DCD. Literature suggests that the proposal of “open skills” sports activities, including martial arts like Karate, could support the development of motor and praxis abilities, executive functions, social skills and emotional and behavioral regulation. This thesis project sets the goal to support the experience of sports activity in a facilitating context for a group of children with DCD, examining the results of a project to introduce to Karate as part of therapeutic continuum outside the specific neuropsychomotor therapy setting. The project consisted of 15 gym sessions with the participation of four preschool-aged children diagnosed with DCD, with the informed consent of the parents. The neuropsychomotor observation and assessment process was carried out using the MABC-2, Checklist MABC-2, TPV and Attention and Executive Functioning domain of the NEPSY II, to understand each participant’s strengths and weaknesses and adapt objectives and strategies. During the project, the children participated in activities and games typical of a Karate training, which were detailed in an illustrative brochure, with the goal of supporting motor and praxis skills, attention, planning and organization of movements and play space, self-efficacy perception and social skills within a small group context, structured according to the typical Karate class organization. During the project, monitoring tools were used to observe the group throughout the process. At the end of the project’s gym sessions, some improvements were observed in motor and praxis skills and in Executive Functions. However, the project to introduce the small group to Karate showed positive results especially in relational and social skills, emotional regulation, increased self-esteem and self-efficacy in the face of challenges. Despite the small sample size and limited timeframe, it can be concluded that a targeted, supportive and child-centered sports-educational intervention could contribute to achieving therapeutic-rehabilitative goals for a child with DCD.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Pauletto_Martina.pdf
accesso riservato
Dimensione
3.3 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
3.3 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/76322