INTRODUCTION: Chronic diseases are those pathologies that involve a certain degree of physiological decline and can be the most varied, in many cases there is not yet a definitive cure for the disease itself and often lead to the death of the person. All this leads to a significant decrease in the quality of life of the patient and an increase in the care burden of the caregiver. The caregivers of these patients are often given too much responsibility and are not helped appropriately by the patient’s other family members, causing situations of stress and ineffectiveness at work which does not help the relationship with the patient and does not produce good results. There is a need for a more in-depth investigation into the scientific literature to understand how the occupational therapist can effectively help the caregiver in question. OBJECTIVE: The aim is to investigate, through in-depth research in the literature, the effectiveness of the Occupational Therapy intervention in caregivers of people suffering from chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To answer the thesis question, a literature search was conducted where articles published less than 8 years ago were selected, searched with the following databases: PUBMED/MEDLINE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, GALILEO DISCOVERY, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (AJOT) , SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (SAJOT) applying precise selection criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Studies show how the help of the TO can help the caregiver achieve a better quality and effectiveness of intervention, always maintaining attention on the quality of life and autonomy of the patient and on the health condition of the caregiver. The data demonstrate that the Occupational Therapy intervention leads to improvements in the quality of life, self-perception of performance, in occupational balance and time management, and in the physical and mental health of the caregiver and his patient. However, further studies are necessary.
INTRODUZIONE: Le malattie croniche sono quelle patologie che comportano un certo grado di declino fisiologico e possono essere le più varie, in molti casi non è presente ancora una cura definitiva alla malattia stessa e spesso conducono al decesso della persona. Tutto ciò comporta una notevole diminuzione della qualità della vita del curato ed un aumento del carico assistenziale del caregiver. Ai caregiver di questi pazienti spesso viene relegata una responsabilità troppo ampia e non vengono aiutati in modo opportuno dagli altri familiari del malato, causando situazioni di stress ed inefficacia lavorativa che non aiuta la relazione col curato e non produce buoni risultati. Vi è la necessità di un indagine più approfondita nella letteratura scientifica per capire come il Terapista occupazionale possa aiutare in modo efficace i caregiver in questione. OBIETTIVO: L’obiettivo è quello di andare ad indagare, attraverso un’approfondita ricerca in letteratura, l’efficacia dell’intervento di Terapia Occupazionale nei caregivers di persone affette da malattie croniche. MATERIALI E METODI: Per rispondere al quesito di tesi è stata condotta una ricerca in letteratura dove sono stati selezionati articoli pubblicati da meno di 8 anni, ricercati con le seguenti banche dati: PUBMED/MEDLINE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, GALILEO DISCOVERY, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (AJOT), SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (SAJOT) applicando precisi criteri di selezione. RISULTATI E CONCLUSIONI: Dagli studi emerge come l'aiuto del TO possa far raggiungere al caregiver una migliore qualità ed efficacia di intervento, mantenendo sempre l’attenzione sulla qualità di vita ed autonomia del malato e sulla condizione di salute del curante. I dati dimostrano che l’intervento di Terapia Occupazionale porta a miglioramenti nella qualità di vita, autopercezione della performance, nell’equilibrio occupazionale e gestione del tempo, nella salute fisica e mentale del caregiver e del suo curato. Si rendono necessari tuttavia ulteriori studi.
L'efficacia dell'intervento di terapia occupazionale con i caregiver di pazienti con malattie croniche
BERTONCELLO, LEONARDO
2023/2024
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Chronic diseases are those pathologies that involve a certain degree of physiological decline and can be the most varied, in many cases there is not yet a definitive cure for the disease itself and often lead to the death of the person. All this leads to a significant decrease in the quality of life of the patient and an increase in the care burden of the caregiver. The caregivers of these patients are often given too much responsibility and are not helped appropriately by the patient’s other family members, causing situations of stress and ineffectiveness at work which does not help the relationship with the patient and does not produce good results. There is a need for a more in-depth investigation into the scientific literature to understand how the occupational therapist can effectively help the caregiver in question. OBJECTIVE: The aim is to investigate, through in-depth research in the literature, the effectiveness of the Occupational Therapy intervention in caregivers of people suffering from chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To answer the thesis question, a literature search was conducted where articles published less than 8 years ago were selected, searched with the following databases: PUBMED/MEDLINE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, GALILEO DISCOVERY, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (AJOT) , SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (SAJOT) applying precise selection criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Studies show how the help of the TO can help the caregiver achieve a better quality and effectiveness of intervention, always maintaining attention on the quality of life and autonomy of the patient and on the health condition of the caregiver. The data demonstrate that the Occupational Therapy intervention leads to improvements in the quality of life, self-perception of performance, in occupational balance and time management, and in the physical and mental health of the caregiver and his patient. However, further studies are necessary.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/77119