INTRODUCTION: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neurodegenerative disease affecting the central nervous system. The symptoms of MS are highly variable and comprehend physical, cognitive, and emotional domains, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and independence. Due to the disease's complexity and unpredictability, patients frequently require continuous support from a caregiver, who assumes demanding responsibilities involving both physical care and emotional support. For caregivers, this role can lead to a considerable emotional, physical, and social burden, often adversely affecting their mental health and quality of life (QoL). OBJECTIVE: This thesis aims to identify valid and reliable tools to measure the quality of life of caregivers for individuals with MS and to highlight the specific contributions that Occupational Therapy can provide in caregiver assessment. METHODS: To answer the research question, a literature review was conducted to provide a synthesis of recent evidence regarding tools used to assess QoL in caregivers of people with MS. Following the selection of keywords and inclusion criteria, a search was conducted across databases such as PubMed, Medline, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar, as well as in occupational therapy journals, including the American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, and Australian Journal of Occupational Therapy.A total of twelve articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed: two systematic reviews, one psychometric study, and nine cross-sectional studies. RESULTS: In this review, the most frequently used tools were the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) in five studies, the SF-36 in five studies, the CareQol-MS in four studies, and the EQ-5D in two studies. Results indicate that, while these tools are useful for assessing specific dimensions of well-being, none fully capture the multidimensional burden experienced by caregivers of individuals with MS. Moreover, none of these tools are specific to the occupational therapy profession, nor were they designed explicitly by occupational therapists. Occupational therapy-specific tools that are not directly developed for caregivers or individuals with MS but are applicable include the Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA), Role Checklist Version 3 (RCv3), and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). These structured interviews respectively assess satisfaction and personal priorities, occupational roles, and perceived performance in meaningful activities. CONCLUSIONS: Further studies are needed to validate these assessment tools across diverse clinical settings. Additionally, further research should focus on developing or adapting occupational therapy-specific tools for evaluating caregivers of individuals with multiple sclerosis.
INTRODUZIONE: La Sclerosi Multipla (SM) è una malattia autoimmune e neurodegenerativa che colpisce il sistema nervoso centrale. Le manifestazioni della SM sono variabili e includono sintomi fisici, cognitivi ed emotivi che influenzano in modo significativo la qualità della vita del paziente e la sua capacità di autonomia. La complessità della malattia richiede spesso il supporto costante di un caregiver, che si trova a gestire compiti assistenziali impegnativi e affrontando sia assistenza fisica che il supporto emotivo. Per i caregiver, questo ruolo può diventare una fonte di carico emotivo, fisico e sociale, incidendo sulla loro salute mentale e sulla qualità della vita (QoL). OBIETTIVO: Lo scopo di questa tesi è identificare strumenti di valutazione validi e affidabili per misurare la QoL dei caregiver di persone con SM ed evidenziare il contributo specifico che la Terapia Occupazionale può offrire nel contesto della valutazione dei caregiver. METODI: per rispondere al quesito di tesi, è stata condotta una ricerca bibliografica per fornire una panoramica delle recenti evidenze sugli strumenti utilizzati per valutare la QoL dei caregiver di persone con SM. Dopo aver definito le parole chiave e i criteri di inclusione, è stata fatta una ricerca in database come Pubmed, Medline, Research Gate e Google Scholar e nelle seguenti riviste della professione: American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, Australian Journal of Occupational Therapy. Dodici articoli, rispondenti ai criteri individuati, sono stati selezionati e analizzati: 2 revisioni sistematiche, 1 studio psicometrico, 9 studi trasversali. RISULTATI: Gli strumenti più utilizzati sono stati la Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) in 5 studi, lo SF-36 in 5 studi, il CareQol-MS in 4 studi e l'EQ-5D in 2 studi. I risultati indicano che, sebbene questi strumenti siano utili per misurare specifiche dimensioni del benessere, nessuno di essi riesce a coprire interamente la complessità del carico dei caregiver in relazione alla SM. Inoltre, nessuno è specifico della professione, né è stato appositamente costruito da terapisti occupazionali. All’interno degli strumenti specifici del TO, invece, ma non specifici per la valutazione del caregiver né del paziente con SM, si propone l’utilizzo dell’OSA (Occupational Self-Assessment), RCv3 (Role Checklist versione 3) e il COPM ( Canadian Occupational Performance Measure), in quanto interviste strutturate che vanno a indagare rispettivamente la soddisfazione e le priorità personali, i ruoli occupazionali e la percezione della perfromance in attività significative. CONCLUSIONI: Sarebbero necessari ulteriori studi che testino gli strumenti di valutazione in diversi contesti clinici e promuovere ulteriori ricerche per sviluppare o adattare strumenti specifici di terapia occupazionale destinati alla valutazione dei caregiver di persone con sclerosi multipla.
IL CONTRIBUTO DELLA TERAPIA OCCUPAZIONALE NELLA VALUTAZIONE DELLA QUALITA' DI VITA DEI CAREGIVER DI PERSONE CON SCLEROSI MULTIPLA: REVISONE DELLA LETTERATURA
NORBIATO, ANNA
2023/2024
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neurodegenerative disease affecting the central nervous system. The symptoms of MS are highly variable and comprehend physical, cognitive, and emotional domains, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and independence. Due to the disease's complexity and unpredictability, patients frequently require continuous support from a caregiver, who assumes demanding responsibilities involving both physical care and emotional support. For caregivers, this role can lead to a considerable emotional, physical, and social burden, often adversely affecting their mental health and quality of life (QoL). OBJECTIVE: This thesis aims to identify valid and reliable tools to measure the quality of life of caregivers for individuals with MS and to highlight the specific contributions that Occupational Therapy can provide in caregiver assessment. METHODS: To answer the research question, a literature review was conducted to provide a synthesis of recent evidence regarding tools used to assess QoL in caregivers of people with MS. Following the selection of keywords and inclusion criteria, a search was conducted across databases such as PubMed, Medline, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar, as well as in occupational therapy journals, including the American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, and Australian Journal of Occupational Therapy.A total of twelve articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed: two systematic reviews, one psychometric study, and nine cross-sectional studies. RESULTS: In this review, the most frequently used tools were the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) in five studies, the SF-36 in five studies, the CareQol-MS in four studies, and the EQ-5D in two studies. Results indicate that, while these tools are useful for assessing specific dimensions of well-being, none fully capture the multidimensional burden experienced by caregivers of individuals with MS. Moreover, none of these tools are specific to the occupational therapy profession, nor were they designed explicitly by occupational therapists. Occupational therapy-specific tools that are not directly developed for caregivers or individuals with MS but are applicable include the Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA), Role Checklist Version 3 (RCv3), and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). These structured interviews respectively assess satisfaction and personal priorities, occupational roles, and perceived performance in meaningful activities. CONCLUSIONS: Further studies are needed to validate these assessment tools across diverse clinical settings. Additionally, further research should focus on developing or adapting occupational therapy-specific tools for evaluating caregivers of individuals with multiple sclerosis.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
TESI_NorbiatoAnna.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
513.03 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
513.03 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/77130