Aim: The aim of this research is to identify the effectiveness of the physiotherapist in diagnosing, assessing and treating a patient with CRPS, and to investigate the pathology itself, which is little known and is constantly being discovered. Problem: Rare and complex pathologies such as these are often unclear both to identify and to treat, and sometimes in these cases a standard treatment is adopted without understanding what the pathophysiological mechanisms and specific therapies are for the pathology, in this case CRPS. Materials and methods: The study is a narrative review of the literature. Data searches were performed at the main databases, PubMed and PEDro. Data were collected from articles from 2015 onwards inclusive, with full text available, in Italian or English language Results: The physiotherapist's intake in case of CRPS has a strong efficacy. The understanding of the pathology even if not entirely clear has evolved in recent years. Numerous factors participate in the manifestation of CRPS, keratinocytes, immune cells, glial cells, neuropeptides, cytokines. These within the patho-physiological mechanism of CRPS stimulate an inflammatory cascade, apparently originating from keratinocytes. The evolution of this inflammation leads to the involvement of the ANS and CNS. The diagnosis is based on the Budapest criteria and a differential diagnosis. The pathology is also assessed by means of the B-CRPS-BPDS scale, which indicates the impairment of body perception through 8 items. In relation to these mechanisms, the most validated and useful treatment is the GMI, which is improved in proprioception, reduction of edema and pain, and has no contraindications compared to Mirror therapy. Active exercise, if pain is respected, is very effective in reducing pain, oedema and improving articularity and strength. Among the treatments investigated, the most validated manual therapy is lymph drainage, the usefulness of which is, however, debated. Among physical therapies, CO2 baths combined with physiotherapy are effective in reducing pain and oedema. In addition, PEPT proves to be as effective a therapy as traditional care. Moreover, the treatment must be multidisciplinary and individualised. Discussion: The results indicate that there is a possibility of effective care, but it is necessary to know the pathology and to adapt individual therapies to the patient. This requires pathology-specific training. I consider GMI and active exercise among all to be extremely useful, but physical and manual therapies should not be excluded, also considering the need for multimodal treatment. Conclusions: The study has shown a clear effectiveness of physiotherapeutic care by associating therapies with the pathophysiological mechanisms of the pathology itself. Key words: CRPS / Physiotherapy / Treatment / Valutation / pain
Obbiettivo: Lo scopo di questa ricerca è quello di identificare, nella presa in carico di un pz con CRPS, l’efficacia della figura del fisioterapista, in diagnosi valutazione e trattamento; inoltre approfondire la patologia stessa poco conosciuta ed in continua scoperta. Problema: Spesso patologie rare e complesse come queste sono poco chiare sia da identificare, che da trattare, alle volte in questi casi viene adottato un trattamento standard senza capire quali sono i meccanismi patofisiologici e le terapie specifiche per la patologia. Materiali e metodi: Lo studio è una revisione narrativa della letteratura. Sono state eseguite delle ricerche dati presso le principali banche dati, PubMed e PEDro. I dati sono stati raccolti da articoli dal 2015 in poi compreso, con full text disponibile, in lingua italiana o inglese. Risultati: La presa in carico del fisioterapista in caso di CRPS ha una forte efficacia. La comprensione della patologia anche se non del tutto chiara ha subito delle evoluzioni negli ultimi anni. La diagnosi si basa sui criteri di Budapest e una diagnosi differenziale. La patologia viene inoltre valutata tramite la scala B-CRPS-BPDS, che valuta tramite 8 item la compromissione della percezione corporea. Il trattamento più validato ed utile è la GMI, risulta migliorativo in propriocezione, riduzione di edema e dolore, e rispetto alla Mirror therapy non presenta controindicazioni. L’esercizio attivo, se viene rispettato il dolore risulta molto efficace per riduzione del dolore, edema e miglioramento dell’articolarità e forza. Tra i trattamenti indagati la terapia manuale più validata è il linfodrenaggio la cui utilità e comunque discussa. Tra le terapie fisiche i bagni di CO2 associati a fisioterapia risultano efficaci in riduzione di dolore ed edema e aumento dell’articolarità. Inoltre la PEPT risulta essere una terapia efficace al pari di una presa in carico tradizionale. La presa in carico inoltre deve essere multidisciplinare e personalizzata. Discussione: I risultati indicano che vi è la possibilità di avere una presa in carico efficace, è necessario però conoscere la patologia e adattare le singole terapie al paziente. Per questo è necessaria una formazione specifica per la patologia. Reputo tra tutte estremamente utili GMI ed esercizio attivo, ma non da escludere terapie fisiche e manuali, considerando anche la necessità di un trattamento multimodale. Conclusioni: Lo studio ha evidenziato una chiara efficacia della presa in carico fisioterapica associando le terapie ai meccanismi patofisiologici della patologia stessa. Parole chiave: CRPS / Fisioterapia / Trattamento / Valutazione / Dolore
Efficacia della presa in carico fisioterapica in caso di CRPS. Una revisione narrativa della letteratura.
RAMUS, GABRIELE
2023/2024
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this research is to identify the effectiveness of the physiotherapist in diagnosing, assessing and treating a patient with CRPS, and to investigate the pathology itself, which is little known and is constantly being discovered. Problem: Rare and complex pathologies such as these are often unclear both to identify and to treat, and sometimes in these cases a standard treatment is adopted without understanding what the pathophysiological mechanisms and specific therapies are for the pathology, in this case CRPS. Materials and methods: The study is a narrative review of the literature. Data searches were performed at the main databases, PubMed and PEDro. Data were collected from articles from 2015 onwards inclusive, with full text available, in Italian or English language Results: The physiotherapist's intake in case of CRPS has a strong efficacy. The understanding of the pathology even if not entirely clear has evolved in recent years. Numerous factors participate in the manifestation of CRPS, keratinocytes, immune cells, glial cells, neuropeptides, cytokines. These within the patho-physiological mechanism of CRPS stimulate an inflammatory cascade, apparently originating from keratinocytes. The evolution of this inflammation leads to the involvement of the ANS and CNS. The diagnosis is based on the Budapest criteria and a differential diagnosis. The pathology is also assessed by means of the B-CRPS-BPDS scale, which indicates the impairment of body perception through 8 items. In relation to these mechanisms, the most validated and useful treatment is the GMI, which is improved in proprioception, reduction of edema and pain, and has no contraindications compared to Mirror therapy. Active exercise, if pain is respected, is very effective in reducing pain, oedema and improving articularity and strength. Among the treatments investigated, the most validated manual therapy is lymph drainage, the usefulness of which is, however, debated. Among physical therapies, CO2 baths combined with physiotherapy are effective in reducing pain and oedema. In addition, PEPT proves to be as effective a therapy as traditional care. Moreover, the treatment must be multidisciplinary and individualised. Discussion: The results indicate that there is a possibility of effective care, but it is necessary to know the pathology and to adapt individual therapies to the patient. This requires pathology-specific training. I consider GMI and active exercise among all to be extremely useful, but physical and manual therapies should not be excluded, also considering the need for multimodal treatment. Conclusions: The study has shown a clear effectiveness of physiotherapeutic care by associating therapies with the pathophysiological mechanisms of the pathology itself. Key words: CRPS / Physiotherapy / Treatment / Valutation / painFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/77298