The thesis explores new solutions to replace the liquid electrolytes used in today's lithium batteries. In fact, they present various problems, but what is of particular concern is their safety as electrolytes are easily flammable. These difficulties have been overcome by the introduction of solid polymer electrolytes. Attention was focused in particular on polycarbonates, which showed excellent conductivity values, electrochemical stability and a high transfer of lithium ions. Three different polycarbonate synthesis methodologies were examined. The first involves the formation of a polycarbonate combined with polyethylene oxide from the polycondensation between a diol molecule and the dimethyl carbonate. The second type considers an aliphatic polycarbonate based on carbonate and ether, developed through the copolymerization of polydimethylcarbonate with pentaerythritol, triethylene glycol and spiroglycol. The last method instead involves the synthesis of a polycarbonate using a monomer produced by exploiting carbon dioxide combined with propylene oxide and allyl glycidyl ether, then followed by the grafting of 3-mercaptopropionic acid onto side chains. The results indicated that polycarbonates are excellent candidates to replace current liquid electrolytes, offering advantages not only in terms of safety, but also performance.
La tesi esplora nuove soluzioni per sostituire gli elettroliti liquidi utilizzati nelle batterie al litio odierne. Presentano infatti diverse problematiche, ma a destare preoccupazione è soprattutto la loro sicurezza in quanto gli elettroliti sono facilmente infiammabili. Queste difficoltà sono state superate dall’introduzione degli elettroliti polimerici solidi. L’attenzione è stata in particolare focalizzata sui policarbonati, i quali hanno mostrato eccellenti valori di conducibilità, stabilità elettrochimica e un alto trasferimento degli ioni litio. Sono state esaminate tre diverse metodologie di sintesi dei policarbonati. La prima prevede la formazione di un policarbonato combinato con polietilene ossido dalla policondensazione tra una molecola di diolo e il dimetilcarbonato. La seconda tipologia considera un policarbonato alifatico a base di carbonato ed etere, sviluppato mediante la copolimerizzazione del polidimetilcarbonato con pentaeritritolo, trietilenglicole e spiroglicole. L’ultimo metodo invece prevede la sintesi di un policarbonato utilizzando un monomero prodotto sfruttando l’anidride carbonica combinata con ossido di propilene e allil glicidil etere, seguito poi dall’innesto di acido 3-mercaptopropionico su catene laterali. I risultati hanno indicato che i policarbonati sono ottimi candidati per sostituire gli attuali elettroliti liquidi, offrendo vantaggi non solo in termini di sicurezza, ma anche di prestazioni.
Elettroliti polimerici solidi a base di policarbonati per batterie al litio
CECCONELLO, SIMONE
2023/2024
Abstract
The thesis explores new solutions to replace the liquid electrolytes used in today's lithium batteries. In fact, they present various problems, but what is of particular concern is their safety as electrolytes are easily flammable. These difficulties have been overcome by the introduction of solid polymer electrolytes. Attention was focused in particular on polycarbonates, which showed excellent conductivity values, electrochemical stability and a high transfer of lithium ions. Three different polycarbonate synthesis methodologies were examined. The first involves the formation of a polycarbonate combined with polyethylene oxide from the polycondensation between a diol molecule and the dimethyl carbonate. The second type considers an aliphatic polycarbonate based on carbonate and ether, developed through the copolymerization of polydimethylcarbonate with pentaerythritol, triethylene glycol and spiroglycol. The last method instead involves the synthesis of a polycarbonate using a monomer produced by exploiting carbon dioxide combined with propylene oxide and allyl glycidyl ether, then followed by the grafting of 3-mercaptopropionic acid onto side chains. The results indicated that polycarbonates are excellent candidates to replace current liquid electrolytes, offering advantages not only in terms of safety, but also performance.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Cecconello_Simone.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
1.7 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.7 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/78338