Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) represents the third most common form of valvular heart disease. Echocardiography is currently the diagnostic method of choice for the evaluation of patients with mitral valve disease. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), on the other hand, is the gold standard method for quantifying myocardial function, volumes and mass and allows for non-invasive tissue characterization. Objectives: to compare the estimation of mitral regurgitation degree between CMR and echocardiography in the real clinical context of our Institute; to evaluate the correlations between CMR parameters and MR; to assess the correlation between tissue characterization or strain alteration detected at CMR and MR; to identify predictors of MR and evaluate the model’s performance. Materials and methods: We evaluated patients with MR, without any previous mitral valve surgery, referred to our Institute to undergo CMR for preoperative evaluation. Previous echocardiographic examinations data were collected. CMR protocol included: function and strain evaluation by cine SSFP sequences; T2 weighted TIRM sequences for oedema; post-contrastographic T1-weighted PSIR sequences for late gadolinium enhancement (LGE); perfusion by T1-weighted fast GRE sequences; MOLLI sequences for T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV); T2p-SSFP sequences for T2 mapping; flow evaluation through phase-contrast sequences. Qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative strategies were used for the evaluation of MR. Descriptive statistics were reported as median (interquartile range) and mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and as absolute numbers (percentages) for categorical variables. Several continuous variables were converted to categorical by ranking. To assess the normality of the variables, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used. T-test or Mann-Whitney was used for continuous variables and the χ² test or McNemar for categorical ones. A two-sided p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. For statistical purposes, CMR findings were also stratified considering mild vs moderate-to-severe and mild-to-moderate vs severe MR. Based on the independent variables examined, a binomial logistic regression model was finally used to determine the probability of the occurrence of the "severe mitral insufficiency" event.
Background: Il rigurgito mitralico (RM) rappresenta la terza forma più comune di cardiopatia valvolare. L’ecocardiografia è attualmente il metodo diagnostico di scelta per la valutazione dei pazienti con malattia della valvola mitrale. La risonanza magnetica cardiovascolare (RMC), invece, è il metodo gold standard per quantificare la funzione, i volumi e la massa miocardica e consente la caratterizzazione tissutale non invasiva. Obiettivi: confrontare la stima del grado di rigurgito mitralico tra RMC ed ecocardiografia nel reale contesto clinico del nostro Istituto; valutare le correlazioni tra parametri di cardio-risonanza e RM; valutare la correlazione tra caratterizzazione tissutale o alterazione della deformazione rilevate alla RMC e RM; identificare i predittori di RM e valutare le prestazioni del modello. Materiali e metodi: Abbiamo valutato pazienti con RM, senza alcun precedente intervento chirurgico alla valvola mitrale, inviati al nostro Istituto per essere sottoposti a RMC per la valutazione preoperatoria. Sono stati raccolti i dati degli esami ecocardiografici precedenti. Il protocollo di cardio-risonanza includeva: valutazione della funzione e della deformazione mediante sequenze cine SSFP; sequenze TIRM pesate in T2 per l'edema; sequenze PSIR post-contrastografiche pesate in T1 per il late enhancement (LGE); perfusione mediante sequenze fast GRE pesate in T1; sequenze MOLLI per la mappatura T1 e volume extracellulare (ECV); sequenze T2p-SSFP per la mappatura T2; valutazione dei flussi mediante sequenze a contrasto di fase. Per la valutazione del RM sono state utilizzate strategie qualitative, semiquantitative e quantitative. I risultati sono espressi come mediana (intervallo interquartile) e media (deviazione standard) per le variabili continue e numeri assoluti (percentuali) per le variabili categoriali. Diverse variabili continue sono state convertite in categoriali mediante classificazione. Per valutare la normalità delle variabili è stato utilizzato il test di Shapiro-Wilk. Per le variabili continue è stato utilizzato il test T o Mann-Whitney e per quelle categoriche il test χ² o McNemar. Un valore p bilaterale <0,05 è stato considerato statisticamente significativo. A fini statistici, i risultati della RMC sono stati anche stratificati considerando il RM lieve rispetto a quello da moderata a grave e il rigurgito lieve-moderato rispetto a quello grave. Sulla base delle variabili indipendenti esaminate è stato infine utilizzato un modello di regressione logistica binomiale per determinare la probabilità del verificarsi dell'evento di “insufficienza mitralica grave”.
Mitral regurgitation: head to head comparison between Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Echocardiography in preoperative evaluation
RUPERTI, GIOVANNI
2023/2024
Abstract
Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) represents the third most common form of valvular heart disease. Echocardiography is currently the diagnostic method of choice for the evaluation of patients with mitral valve disease. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), on the other hand, is the gold standard method for quantifying myocardial function, volumes and mass and allows for non-invasive tissue characterization. Objectives: to compare the estimation of mitral regurgitation degree between CMR and echocardiography in the real clinical context of our Institute; to evaluate the correlations between CMR parameters and MR; to assess the correlation between tissue characterization or strain alteration detected at CMR and MR; to identify predictors of MR and evaluate the model’s performance. Materials and methods: We evaluated patients with MR, without any previous mitral valve surgery, referred to our Institute to undergo CMR for preoperative evaluation. Previous echocardiographic examinations data were collected. CMR protocol included: function and strain evaluation by cine SSFP sequences; T2 weighted TIRM sequences for oedema; post-contrastographic T1-weighted PSIR sequences for late gadolinium enhancement (LGE); perfusion by T1-weighted fast GRE sequences; MOLLI sequences for T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV); T2p-SSFP sequences for T2 mapping; flow evaluation through phase-contrast sequences. Qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative strategies were used for the evaluation of MR. Descriptive statistics were reported as median (interquartile range) and mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and as absolute numbers (percentages) for categorical variables. Several continuous variables were converted to categorical by ranking. To assess the normality of the variables, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used. T-test or Mann-Whitney was used for continuous variables and the χ² test or McNemar for categorical ones. A two-sided p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. For statistical purposes, CMR findings were also stratified considering mild vs moderate-to-severe and mild-to-moderate vs severe MR. Based on the independent variables examined, a binomial logistic regression model was finally used to determine the probability of the occurrence of the "severe mitral insufficiency" event.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/79765