The Mediterranean diet is considered a healthy and sustainable dietary model. However, in Italy, adherence to it is declining, making it necessary to understand the psychosocial factors underlying this diet and how to encourage adherence. This research tested the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991), extended with self-identity as a healthy eater and past adherence. The study involved 511 Italian university students (64% female; mean age 21 years) who completed two questionnaires two weeks apart. The first questionnaire measured TPB constructs, self-identity, and past behavior. The second assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The results showed that the extended TPB model explains 53% of the variance in intention and 37% of the variance in behavior. Affective attitude is the strongest predictor of intention, followed by cognitive attitude. Past behavior is the only predictor of self-reported adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Self- identity accounted for an additional 2% of the variance in both intention and behavior and significantly influenced intention but not behavior when past behavior is included. Overall, the findings provided insights into promoting adherence to the Mediterranean diet, suggesting focus on strengthening the dietary habits of young people.
La dieta mediterranea è considerata un modello alimentare sano e sostenibile. Ciononostante, in Italia, la sua adesione risulta essere in calo; diviene pertanto necessario capire quali siano i fattori psicosociali sottostanti questa dieta e come incentivarne l’adesione. La presente ricerca ha testato la Teoria del comportamento pianificato (Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB; Ajzen, 1991), estesa con la self-identity come persona che mangia sano e il comportamento passato di adesione. Lo studio ha coinvolto 511 studenti universitari italiani (64% donne; età media 21 anni), ai quali sono stati somministrati due questionari a distanza di due settimane. Il primo questionario misurava i costrutti della TPB, la self-identity e il comportamento passato. Il secondo rilevava il comportamento di adesione alla dieta mediterranea. I risultati hanno mostrato che il modello della TPB estesa prevede il 53% della varianza dell’intenzione e il 37% di quella del comportamento. L’atteggiamento affettivo è il predittore più forte dell’intenzione, seguito dall’atteggiamento cognitivo. Il comportamento passato è l’unico predittore del comportamento di adesione alla dieta mediterranea auto-riportato. La self-identity ha spiegato un ulteriore 2% della varianza dell’intenzione e di quella del comportamento; essa inoltre influenza significativamente l’intenzione, ma non il comportamento, una volta inserito il comportamento passato. Nel complesso, i risultati hanno offerto spunti per promuovere l’adesione alla dieta mediterranea, suggerendo di focalizzarsi sul consolidamento delle abitudini alimentari dei giovani.
Il ruolo della self-identity nella Teoria del Comportamento Pianificato. Uno studio sull’aderenza alla dieta mediterranea
GERARD, GAIA
2023/2024
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is considered a healthy and sustainable dietary model. However, in Italy, adherence to it is declining, making it necessary to understand the psychosocial factors underlying this diet and how to encourage adherence. This research tested the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991), extended with self-identity as a healthy eater and past adherence. The study involved 511 Italian university students (64% female; mean age 21 years) who completed two questionnaires two weeks apart. The first questionnaire measured TPB constructs, self-identity, and past behavior. The second assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The results showed that the extended TPB model explains 53% of the variance in intention and 37% of the variance in behavior. Affective attitude is the strongest predictor of intention, followed by cognitive attitude. Past behavior is the only predictor of self-reported adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Self- identity accounted for an additional 2% of the variance in both intention and behavior and significantly influenced intention but not behavior when past behavior is included. Overall, the findings provided insights into promoting adherence to the Mediterranean diet, suggesting focus on strengthening the dietary habits of young people.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80094