Globally about 15 million people are affected by stroke each year; of these, 5 million die and another 5 million are permanently disabled. Thus, stroke is globally the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability. The literature shows that exposure to an enriched environment (EE) in the acute post-stroke phase results in increased exposure to social and motor experiences that can significantly influence neuroplasticity. In contrast, people with stroke admitted to acute wards very often spend most of the day inactive and without social contact; hence, this study aims to integrate EE in a stroke unit and acute Neurology ward. The hypothesis is that subjects exposed to an enriched environment during the acute post-stroke phase have a favourable outcome in the short and medium term (from discharge up to 6 months post-discharge, considered the chronic phase) on perceived quality of life and mood. A further expected benefit is a faster functional motor recovery at discharge in the group that received environmental stimulation. The study design is non-randomised, longitudinal and interventional (environmental intervention); partecipants are recruited in order of admission to the in-patient ward of the U.O.C. Neurological Clinic and the U.O.S.D. Stroke Unit of the Padua University Hospital. After obtaining informed consent, demographic and clinical data are collected from digital charts. Outcome measures are then collected through questionnaires administered at T0 (enrollment), T1 (discharge), T2 (at 4 weeks) and T3 (at 6 months). The enriched environment was integrated into the rooms and common area of the ward. Preliminary results show that, compared to the control group, subjects exposed to the enriched environment show a statistically significant improvement SIS (p-value 0.04961), SIS_Recovery (p-value 0.03464), FIM (p-value 0.004143), OCS6b (p-value 0.02049), OCS7a (p-value 0.0006021), OCS7b (p-value<0.001) e OCS7c (p-value 0.002091) scores at discharge and a trend towards significance for FAC (p-value 0.06989), FAST-UL (p-value 0.06338) e OCS10b (p-value 0.07033). Subjects in the AA group also presented a greater delta between NIHSS values at T0 and T1 than the control group, further demonstrating how exposure to an enriched environment appears to improve functional outcome. All this seems to confirm the initial hypothesis, i.e. how exposure to enriched environment in the acute post-stroke phase improves the functional outcome in terms of psychological well-being and functional recovery, impacting on the subjects' activity levels and quality of life in the short, medium and long term.
Globalmente circa 15 milioni di persone sono colpite ogni anno da stroke; tra queste 5 milioni vanno incontro a morte ed altri 5 milioni a disabilità permanente. Lo stroke rappresenta quindi globalmente la seconda causa di morte e la terza di disabilità. Dalla letteratura emerge come l’esposizione ad ambiente arricchito nella fase acuta post-stroke determini una maggior esposizione ad esperienze sociali e motorie che possono influenzare significativamente la neuroplasitictà. I pazienti con esiti di stroke ricoverati presso reparti per acuti molto spesso trascorrono invece la maggior parte della giornata inattivi e senza contatti sociali; da qui l’idea di sviluppare questo progetto, che si pone come obiettivo l’integrazione e lo studio dell’AA nel contesto di reparto per acuti. L’ipotesi è che i soggetti esposti ad ambiente arricchito durante la fase acuta post-stroke abbiano un impatto favorevole a breve e medio termine (dalla dimissione fino a 6 mesi post-dimissione, considerata fase cronica) sulla qualità di vita percepita e sul tono dell'umore. Un ulteriore beneficio atteso è un recupero funzionale motorio più rapido alla dimissione nel gruppo che ha ricevuto stimolazioni ambientali. Il progetto si configura come uno studio longitudinale interventistico (intervento ambientale) non randomizzato. I pazienti sono reclutati in ordine di ammissione presso il reparto di degenza della U.O.C. Clinica Neurologica e la U.O.S.D. Stroke Unit dell’Azienda Ospedale - Università Padova. Previo consenso informato, vengono raccolti i dati demografici e clinici dalla cartella informatizzata; vengono poi raccolte le misure di outcome tramite questionari somministrati al paziente a T0 (arruolamento), T1 (dimissione), T2 (a 4 settimane) e T3 (a 6 mesi). L’ambiente arricchito è stato integrato all’interno delle stanze e dell’area comune del reparto. Dai risultati preliminari emerge come, rispetto al gruppo controllo, i soggetti esposti ad ambiente arricchito presentino alla dimissione un miglioramento statisticamente significativo dei punteggi SIS (p-value 0.04961), SIS_Recovery (p-value 0.03464), FIM (p-value 0.004143), OCS6b (p-value 0.02049), OCS7a (p-value 0.0006021), OCS7b (p-value<0.001) e OCS7c (p-value 0.002091) ed una tendenza alla significatività per FAC (p-value 0.06989), FAST-UL (p-value 0.06338) e OCS10b (p-value 0.07033). I soggetti del gruppo AA presentano inoltre un delta maggiore tra i valori di NIHSS a T0 e T1 rispetto al gruppo controllo, dimostrando ulteriormente come l’esposizione ad ambiente arricchito sembri migliorare l’outcome funzionale. Tutto ciò sembra confermare l’ipotesi di partenza, ovvero come l’esposizione ad ambiente arricchito nella fase acuta post-stroke migliori l’outcome funzionale in termini di benessere psicologico e di recupero funzionale, impattando sui livelli di attività e di qualità di vita dei soggetti nel breve, medio e lungo termine.
L'ambiente arricchito come strumento integrato nel setting di reparto per il miglioramento dell'outcome funzionale nei pazienti acuti con esiti di stroke
MAGALINI, MARINA
2023/2024
Abstract
Globally about 15 million people are affected by stroke each year; of these, 5 million die and another 5 million are permanently disabled. Thus, stroke is globally the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability. The literature shows that exposure to an enriched environment (EE) in the acute post-stroke phase results in increased exposure to social and motor experiences that can significantly influence neuroplasticity. In contrast, people with stroke admitted to acute wards very often spend most of the day inactive and without social contact; hence, this study aims to integrate EE in a stroke unit and acute Neurology ward. The hypothesis is that subjects exposed to an enriched environment during the acute post-stroke phase have a favourable outcome in the short and medium term (from discharge up to 6 months post-discharge, considered the chronic phase) on perceived quality of life and mood. A further expected benefit is a faster functional motor recovery at discharge in the group that received environmental stimulation. The study design is non-randomised, longitudinal and interventional (environmental intervention); partecipants are recruited in order of admission to the in-patient ward of the U.O.C. Neurological Clinic and the U.O.S.D. Stroke Unit of the Padua University Hospital. After obtaining informed consent, demographic and clinical data are collected from digital charts. Outcome measures are then collected through questionnaires administered at T0 (enrollment), T1 (discharge), T2 (at 4 weeks) and T3 (at 6 months). The enriched environment was integrated into the rooms and common area of the ward. Preliminary results show that, compared to the control group, subjects exposed to the enriched environment show a statistically significant improvement SIS (p-value 0.04961), SIS_Recovery (p-value 0.03464), FIM (p-value 0.004143), OCS6b (p-value 0.02049), OCS7a (p-value 0.0006021), OCS7b (p-value<0.001) e OCS7c (p-value 0.002091) scores at discharge and a trend towards significance for FAC (p-value 0.06989), FAST-UL (p-value 0.06338) e OCS10b (p-value 0.07033). Subjects in the AA group also presented a greater delta between NIHSS values at T0 and T1 than the control group, further demonstrating how exposure to an enriched environment appears to improve functional outcome. All this seems to confirm the initial hypothesis, i.e. how exposure to enriched environment in the acute post-stroke phase improves the functional outcome in terms of psychological well-being and functional recovery, impacting on the subjects' activity levels and quality of life in the short, medium and long term.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80413