Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of a recurrent nature, characterized by intense itching, xerosis, and eczematous lesions. It is a complex clinical condition that also entails a significant emotional and psychological impact on the patient, posing a risk of compromising their quality of life. Furthermore, atopic dermatitis is often associated with numerous complications, such as bacterial infections, which further worsen the clinical picture and therapeutic management. In Western countries, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis is approximately 15%-20% among children aged 0 to 10 years but also affects 1%-3% of the adult population, with a slight predominance in females. Typically, the onset occurs during childhood. This thesis begins by analyzing various aspects of atopic dermatitis: definition, symptomatology, epidemiological data, and etiopathogenesis. It then delves into an in-depth study of the therapies conventionally prescribed to patients, such as emollients, topical corticosteroids, and antihistamines. A brief mention is also made of balneotherapy, phototherapy, and the emerging use of probiotics. Subsequently, the discussion focuses on the use of medicinal plants and their derivatives as an alternative or complement to traditional treatments for managing atopic dermatitis. The efficacy of these plants is discussed in light of scientific studies, highlighting their mechanisms of action and advantages compared to pharmacological therapies. Specifically, an overview is provided of the main plants known for their soothing, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and antimicrobial properties, such as Cardiospermum halicacabum, Centella asiatica, Arctium lappa, and Matricaria recutita. Finally, the use of vegetable oils is briefly addressed. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the potential use of medicinal plants in atopic dermatitis, analyzing whether they can represent an alternative to conventional drugs or rather serve as a supportive treatment.
La dermatite atopica è una patologia infiammatoria cronica della pelle di carattere recidivante, caratterizzata da prurito intenso, xerosi e lesioni eczematose. È una condizione clinica complessa che comporta anche un significativo impatto emotivo e psicologico sul paziente, con il rischio di comprometterne la qualità della vita. Inoltre, la dermatite atopica è spesso associata a numerose complicanze, come infezioni di natura batterica, che aggravano ulteriormente il quadro clinico e la gestione terapeutica. Nei paesi occidentali, la prevalenza di dermatite atopica si aggira attorno al 15%-20% nei bambini di età compresa tra 0 e 10 anni, ma affligge anche l’1-3% della popolazione adulta, con una lieve preponderanza nel genere femminile. Solitamente l’esordio è in età infantile. In questa tesi vengono analizzati, in una prima parte, i vari aspetti della dermatite atopica: definizione, sintomatologia, dati epidemiologici, eziopatogenesi. Segue poi uno studio approfondito sulle terapie che vengono convenzionalmente prescritte ai pazienti, come emollienti, corticosteroidi topici e antistaminici. Viene inoltre riportato un breve riferimento alla balneoterapia, fototerapia e all'uso emergente dei probiotici. In seguito, l’elaborato si concentra sull’utilizzo delle piante officinali e dei loro derivati come alternativa o complemento ai trattamenti tradizionali per la gestione della dermatite atopica: si discute la loro efficacia alla luce di studi scientifici, mettendone in evidenza i meccanismi d’azione e i vantaggi rispetto alle terapie farmacologiche. In particolare, viene fornita una panoramica delle principali piante che si distinguono per le loro proprietà lenitive, antiinfiammatorie, cicatrizzanti e antimicrobiche, come Cardiospermum halicacabum, Centella asiatica, Arctium lappa e Matricaria recutita. Infine, è brevemente trattato l’impiego di oli vegetali. L’obiettivo della tesi è valutare il potenziale utilizzo delle droghe vegetali nella dermatite atopica, analizzando se queste possano rappresentare un’alternativa ai farmaci convenzionali o piuttosto un trattamento di supporto.
Il ruolo delle piante officinali e dei loro derivati nel trattamento della dermatite atopica: un'alternativa naturale.
GAMBINO, REBECCA
2023/2024
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of a recurrent nature, characterized by intense itching, xerosis, and eczematous lesions. It is a complex clinical condition that also entails a significant emotional and psychological impact on the patient, posing a risk of compromising their quality of life. Furthermore, atopic dermatitis is often associated with numerous complications, such as bacterial infections, which further worsen the clinical picture and therapeutic management. In Western countries, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis is approximately 15%-20% among children aged 0 to 10 years but also affects 1%-3% of the adult population, with a slight predominance in females. Typically, the onset occurs during childhood. This thesis begins by analyzing various aspects of atopic dermatitis: definition, symptomatology, epidemiological data, and etiopathogenesis. It then delves into an in-depth study of the therapies conventionally prescribed to patients, such as emollients, topical corticosteroids, and antihistamines. A brief mention is also made of balneotherapy, phototherapy, and the emerging use of probiotics. Subsequently, the discussion focuses on the use of medicinal plants and their derivatives as an alternative or complement to traditional treatments for managing atopic dermatitis. The efficacy of these plants is discussed in light of scientific studies, highlighting their mechanisms of action and advantages compared to pharmacological therapies. Specifically, an overview is provided of the main plants known for their soothing, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and antimicrobial properties, such as Cardiospermum halicacabum, Centella asiatica, Arctium lappa, and Matricaria recutita. Finally, the use of vegetable oils is briefly addressed. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the potential use of medicinal plants in atopic dermatitis, analyzing whether they can represent an alternative to conventional drugs or rather serve as a supportive treatment.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80682