Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a minimally invasive procedure used for long-term enteral nutrition in patients with difficulty in oral intake, but with a functional gastrointestinal tract. It is the preferred technique for Home Enteral Nutrition (NED). PEG management requires specific skills from the patient and caregivers, acquired through an educational process provided by healthcare professionals, aimed at solving problems related to the device, nutrition and medications. Objective: The study analyzes the educational strategies adopted by healthcare professionals and the level of self-management achieved. Materials and methods: Literature review and research of the best methods to educate the patient and evaluation of the results obtained. OUTCOME: achievement by the patient and/or caregiver of an optimal degree of self-management of the device CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the literature highlights that PEG tubes are increasingly used to ensure enteral nutrition in patients with dysphagia or difficulty in maintaining an adequate nutritional intake. The main benefits include fewer complications and increased survival. The study confirms that education is mainly provided by nurses, with the use of educational tools, and that the training process is effective and easily understandable for patients and caregivers.
La gastrostomia endoscopica percutanea (PEG) è una procedura minimamente invasiva utilizzata per la nutrizione enterale a lungo termine in pazienti con difficoltà nell'assunzione orale, ma con un apparato gastrointestinale funzionale. È la tecnica preferita per la Nutrizione Enterale Domiciliare (NED). La gestione della PEG richiede competenze specifiche da parte del paziente e dei caregiver, acquisite attraverso un processo educativo fornito dal personale sanitario, volto a risolvere problematiche legate al dispositivo, all'alimentazione e ai farmaci. Obiettivo : Lo studio analizza le strategie educative adottate dagli operatori sanitari e il livello di autogestione raggiunto. Materiali e metodi : Revisione di letteratura e ricerca dei migliori metodi per educare il paziente e valutazione dei risultati ottenuti. OUTCOME: raggiungimento da parte del paziente e/o caregiver di un grado ottimale di autogestione del presidio CONCLUSIONI: L'analisi della letteratura evidenzia che le sonde PEG sono sempre più utilizzate per garantire la nutrizione enterale in pazienti con disfagia o difficoltà a mantenere un apporto nutrizionale adeguato. I vantaggi principali includono minori complicanze e un aumento della sopravvivenza. Lo studio conferma che l'educazione è principalmente fornita dagli infermieri, con l'uso di strumenti educativi, e che il processo formativo risulta efficace e facilmente comprensibile per i pazienti e i caregiver.
Ruolo dell'Infermiere nell'Educazione alla gestione domiciliare della percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)
PEGORARO, GIORGIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a minimally invasive procedure used for long-term enteral nutrition in patients with difficulty in oral intake, but with a functional gastrointestinal tract. It is the preferred technique for Home Enteral Nutrition (NED). PEG management requires specific skills from the patient and caregivers, acquired through an educational process provided by healthcare professionals, aimed at solving problems related to the device, nutrition and medications. Objective: The study analyzes the educational strategies adopted by healthcare professionals and the level of self-management achieved. Materials and methods: Literature review and research of the best methods to educate the patient and evaluation of the results obtained. OUTCOME: achievement by the patient and/or caregiver of an optimal degree of self-management of the device CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the literature highlights that PEG tubes are increasingly used to ensure enteral nutrition in patients with dysphagia or difficulty in maintaining an adequate nutritional intake. The main benefits include fewer complications and increased survival. The study confirms that education is mainly provided by nurses, with the use of educational tools, and that the training process is effective and easily understandable for patients and caregivers.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80778