Background. Sacituzumab Govitecan is an antibody drug conjugate, whose antibody component is directed against the transmembrane glycoprotein Trop2, overexpressed by cancer cells. This antibody component conveys a molecule toxic to the mitotic spindle inside the neoplastic cell, , causing their death by apoptosis . Recently approved in the USA and Europe for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, it is necessary to further confirm its clinical efficacy in a real-world context and to thoroughly evaluate its safety profile. Aim of the study. The present observational, retrospective single-center study was performed on a real-world court of patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of Sacituzumab Govitecan in a real-world cohort. Materials and methods. A cohort of 37 patients treated at the Oncology Unit 2 of the IOV in Padua was analyzed. Clinicopathologic data, including demografic features, pathologic features of breast cancer at diagnosis, treatment patterns for early and advanced breast cancer, adverse events during treatment with Sacituzumab Govitecan according to CTCAE v5.0 criteria, dose reductions, Suspensions or interruptions of treatment, efficacy of the drug. Results. During treatment with Sacituzumab Govitecan, 35 patients experienced therapy-related side effects (95%), while 2 patients (5%) reported no side effects during treatment and the follow-up period. The most frequently reported side effects were neutropenia (24 patients, 65%), fatigue (20 patients, 54%) nausea (18 patients, 49%) and diarrhea (12 patients, 32%). Only 3 patients (9%) experienced febrile neutropenia. Adverse events resulted in dose reduction in 14 patients (38%) and resulted in at least one discontinuation in 14 patients (38%) There were only 3 treatment interruptions due to toxicity (8%), allergic reaction (1 case) or grade > 2 hypertransaminasemia (2 cases). The first cause of treatment discontinuation was grade > 2 neutropenia, which required treatment discontinuation in 14 patients (38%), followed by non-drug-related febrile states, grade > 2 anemia, grade > 2 hypertransaminasemia and grade > 2 diarrhea. The high risk of neutropenia required primary or secondary prophylaxis with G-CSF in 14 patients (38%). The incidence of side effects and adverse events was in line with the incidence found in randomized trials and real-world studies, but there was a lower incidence of grade >2 side effects compared to randomized trials, justified by the experience gained over time and the setting of adequate premedications. In our population, we detected mPFS of 3 months, and mOS of 7.5 months. These efficacy data, in line with that reported in the context of pivotal trials and other real-world studies, support the efficacy of Sacituzumab Govitecan in the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Conclusions. In our population, Sacituzumab Govitecan was effective, with no new safety signals compared to pivotale trials. Side effects were mainly mild; The high incidence of neutropenia potentially able to reduce patient compliance due to repeated suspensions should not be underestimated. Adequate premedication and knowledge of possible side effects and their management can significantly reduce their incidence and severity.
Presupposti dello studio. Sacituzumab Govitecan è un ADC, la cui componente anticorpale è diretta contro la glicoproteina transmembrana Trop2, iperespressa dalle cellule tumorali. La componente anticorpale veicola all’interno della cellula neoplastica una molecola tossica, determinando la morte cellulare per apoptosi. Approvato recentemente in USA e in Europa per la terapia del mTNBC (dopo la prima linea di trattamento), è necessario confermare e valutare ulteriormente l’efficacia clinica e il profilo di sicurezza del farmaco in un contesto real-world. Scopo dello studio. Il presente studio osservazionale, retrospettivo monocentrico è stato eseguito su una corte real-world di pazienti con mTNBC. Lo studio si riproponeva di valutare il profilo di efficacia e di sicurezza di Sacituzumab Govitecan in una coorte real-world. Materiali e metodi. E’ stata analizzata una coorte di 37 pazienti trattate presso l’UOC di oncologia 2 dello IOV di Padova. Sono stati raccolti dati clinico-patologici relativi a caratteri demografici, caratteri patologici del carcinoma mammario alla diagnosi, linee di trattamento per il carcinoma mammario in fase precoce ed avanzata, eventi avversi incorsi durante il trattamento con Sacituzumab Govitecan secondo criteri CTCAE v 5.0, riduzioni di dose, sospensioni o interruzioni del trattamento, efficacia del farmaco. Risultati. Nel corso del trattamento con Sacituzumab Govitecan, 35 pazienti hanno manifestato effetti collaterali correlati alla terapia (95%), mentre 2 pazienti (5%) non hanno dichiarato alcun effetto collaterale durante il trattamento. Gli effetti collaterali più frequentemente rilevati sono stati neutropenia (24 pazienti, 65%), astenia (20 pazienti, 54%), nausea (18 pazienti, 49%), alopecia (35%) e diarrea (12 pazienti, 32%). 3 pazienti (9%), hanno manifestato neutropenia febbrile. Gli eventi avversi hanno portato a riduzione di dose in 14 pazienti (38%) e hanno provocato almeno una sospensione in 20 pazienti (54%); di questi 6 pazienti hanno avuto una sospensione per motivi non correlati al farmaco. Si sono registrate solo 3 interruzioni di trattamento per tossicità (8%), dovute a reazione allergica (1 caso) o ipertransaminasemia di grado > 2 (2 casi). La prima causa di sospensione del trattamento è risultata essere la neutropenia, con 8 pazienti che hanno manifestato neutropenia G3 (22%) e 6 pazienti che hanno manifestato neutropenia G4 (16%). La neutropenia ha provocato una sospensione del trattamento in 14 pazienti (38%), seguita da stati febbrili non farmaco-correlati, anemia di grado > 2, ipertransaminasemia di grado G3 in 3 pazienti (9%) e di grado G4 in 2 pazienti (5%) e diarrea di grado > 2. L’elevato rischio di neutropenia ha richiesto profilassi primaria o secondaria con G-CSF in 14 pazienti (38%). L’incidenza di eventi avversi è risultata in linea con quella rilevata dai trials randomizzati e dagli studi di real-world, ma si è rilevata una minor incidenza di effetti collaterali di grado >2 , giustificata dall’esperienza acquisita e dalla impostazione di adeguate premedicazioni. La mPFS è risultata essere di 3 mesi, mentre la mOS è risultata essere di 7,5 mesi. Tali dati di efficacia, in linea con quanto riportato nel contesto dei trials registrativi e negli altri studi di real-world, depongono per la conferma dell’efficacia di Sacituzumab Govitecan nel trattamento del mTNBC. Conclusione. Nella nostra popolazione, Sacituzumab Govitecan è risultato efficace, e non sono emersi nuovi sospetti di sicurezza rispetto ai trials registrativi. Gli effetti collaterali sono stati prevalentemente di grado lieve; da non sottovalutare l’alta incidenza di neutropenia potenzialmente in grado di ridurre la compliance a causa delle ripetute sospensioni. Un’adeguata premedicazione e la conoscenza dei possibili effetti collaterali e della loro gestione possono ridurre incidenza e severità degli stessi.
Valutazione di attività, efficacia e sicurezza del trattamento con sacituzumab govitecan in uno scenario real-world nell'ambito del carcinoma mammario triplo-negativo metastatico
BIANCHI, ROBERTO
2023/2024
Abstract
Background. Sacituzumab Govitecan is an antibody drug conjugate, whose antibody component is directed against the transmembrane glycoprotein Trop2, overexpressed by cancer cells. This antibody component conveys a molecule toxic to the mitotic spindle inside the neoplastic cell, , causing their death by apoptosis . Recently approved in the USA and Europe for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, it is necessary to further confirm its clinical efficacy in a real-world context and to thoroughly evaluate its safety profile. Aim of the study. The present observational, retrospective single-center study was performed on a real-world court of patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of Sacituzumab Govitecan in a real-world cohort. Materials and methods. A cohort of 37 patients treated at the Oncology Unit 2 of the IOV in Padua was analyzed. Clinicopathologic data, including demografic features, pathologic features of breast cancer at diagnosis, treatment patterns for early and advanced breast cancer, adverse events during treatment with Sacituzumab Govitecan according to CTCAE v5.0 criteria, dose reductions, Suspensions or interruptions of treatment, efficacy of the drug. Results. During treatment with Sacituzumab Govitecan, 35 patients experienced therapy-related side effects (95%), while 2 patients (5%) reported no side effects during treatment and the follow-up period. The most frequently reported side effects were neutropenia (24 patients, 65%), fatigue (20 patients, 54%) nausea (18 patients, 49%) and diarrhea (12 patients, 32%). Only 3 patients (9%) experienced febrile neutropenia. Adverse events resulted in dose reduction in 14 patients (38%) and resulted in at least one discontinuation in 14 patients (38%) There were only 3 treatment interruptions due to toxicity (8%), allergic reaction (1 case) or grade > 2 hypertransaminasemia (2 cases). The first cause of treatment discontinuation was grade > 2 neutropenia, which required treatment discontinuation in 14 patients (38%), followed by non-drug-related febrile states, grade > 2 anemia, grade > 2 hypertransaminasemia and grade > 2 diarrhea. The high risk of neutropenia required primary or secondary prophylaxis with G-CSF in 14 patients (38%). The incidence of side effects and adverse events was in line with the incidence found in randomized trials and real-world studies, but there was a lower incidence of grade >2 side effects compared to randomized trials, justified by the experience gained over time and the setting of adequate premedications. In our population, we detected mPFS of 3 months, and mOS of 7.5 months. These efficacy data, in line with that reported in the context of pivotal trials and other real-world studies, support the efficacy of Sacituzumab Govitecan in the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Conclusions. In our population, Sacituzumab Govitecan was effective, with no new safety signals compared to pivotale trials. Side effects were mainly mild; The high incidence of neutropenia potentially able to reduce patient compliance due to repeated suspensions should not be underestimated. Adequate premedication and knowledge of possible side effects and their management can significantly reduce their incidence and severity.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/81149