As the world population increases, the need to protect soil as a vital resource, especially for food production, has also increased. In order for soil to perform its various functions, it is necessary to preserve its conditions. Among the main causes of soil degradation (decrease in organic matter, local and widespread contamination, sealing, compaction, decrease in biodiversity, salinization) erosion is also among the identified threats that put soil health at risk. Every year, it is estimated that about 75 billion tons of soil are lost from terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. In agricultural ecosystems, the loss is estimated to be between 13 and 40 tons/ha/year. Taking into account that soil loss is characterized by the erosion of the surface layers which are also the most fertile, the evaluation and study of erosive processes is of great importance to maintain the sustainability of agricultural production and activities from both an economic and environmental point of view. In this thesis, the main causes of soil erosion have been analyzed. Next, the topic of cover crops and the multiple ecosystem services they can support was discussed. Finally, some experimental studies were reported that highlight the effectiveness of cover crop cultivation in mitigating soil erosion by water and wind.
Con l'aumentare della popolazione mondiale, è aumentata anche l'esigenza di proteggere il suolo in quanto risorsa vitale, soprattutto per la produzione alimentare. Affinché il suolo possa svolgere le sue diverse funzioni, è necessario preservarne le condizioni. Tra le principali cause di degradazione del suolo (diminuzione della materia organica, contaminazione locale e diffusa, impermeabilizzazione, compattazione, diminuzione della biodiversità, salinizzazione) anche l’erosione è tra le minacce individuate che mettono a rischio la salute dei suoli. Ogni anno si stima che circa 75 miliardi di tonnellate di suolo vengono persi dagli ecosistemi terrestri in tutto il mondo. Negli ecosistemi agricoli si stima che la perdita sia compresa tra le 13 e le 40 ton/ha/anno. Tenendo conto che la perdita di suolo è caratterizzata dalla erosione degli strati superficiali che sono anche quelli più fertili, la valutazione e lo studio dei processi erosivi è di grande importanza per mantenere la sostenibilità delle produzioni e delle attività agricole sia da un punto di vista economico che ambientale. In questa tesi sono state analizzate le principali cause dell’erosione del suolo. In seguito, si è trattato il tema delle cover crop e i molteplici servizi ecosistemici che esse possono sostenere. Infine, sono stati riportati alcuni studi sperimentali che evidenziano l’efficacia della coltivazione di cover crop nel mitigare l’erosione idrica ed eolica del suolo.
Potenzialità delle cover crop nella riduzione dell'erosione del suolo
CARLET, ENRICO
2024/2025
Abstract
As the world population increases, the need to protect soil as a vital resource, especially for food production, has also increased. In order for soil to perform its various functions, it is necessary to preserve its conditions. Among the main causes of soil degradation (decrease in organic matter, local and widespread contamination, sealing, compaction, decrease in biodiversity, salinization) erosion is also among the identified threats that put soil health at risk. Every year, it is estimated that about 75 billion tons of soil are lost from terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. In agricultural ecosystems, the loss is estimated to be between 13 and 40 tons/ha/year. Taking into account that soil loss is characterized by the erosion of the surface layers which are also the most fertile, the evaluation and study of erosive processes is of great importance to maintain the sustainability of agricultural production and activities from both an economic and environmental point of view. In this thesis, the main causes of soil erosion have been analyzed. Next, the topic of cover crops and the multiple ecosystem services they can support was discussed. Finally, some experimental studies were reported that highlight the effectiveness of cover crop cultivation in mitigating soil erosion by water and wind.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi Carlet Enrico.pdf
accesso riservato
Dimensione
1.91 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.91 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/81933