Abortion is the term used to describe the expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus before it is capable of surviving independently. An abortion can be spontaneous, occurring naturally, or induced, in which case it is intentionally caused through the use of two abortive medications taken 48 hours apart, or by surgical intervention (APA, 2018). The focus of this research is exclusively on induced abortion concerning minors. Globally, approximately 73 million induced abortions occur each year (World Health Organization, 2024a); roughly 20,000 per day. Of the 21 million pregnancies that affect adolescents aged 15 to 19 each year, 55% of unplanned pregnancies end in an induced abortion (World Health Organization, 2024b). The history of abortion, briefly outlined in the first chapter, is limited in this paper to two countries: the United States of America and Italy. The Guttmacher Institute (2024) estimated that in 2023, abortions performed in U.S. states without total bans numbered 1,037,000, an 11% increase compared to 2020. Among those who had an abortion, adolescents represented 10%, with 2% being 17 years old or younger. Since the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization ruling (2022), self-managed abortions have also increased. In Italy, the most recent report from the Ministry of Health (2023), covering national data for the year 2021, reports a total of 63,653 legally induced abortions (IVG) in 2021. Unlike the American context, in Italy, the trend has been continuously decreasing (-4.2% compared to 2020). In 2021, 1,707 women under 18 years of age had an IVG, accounting for 2.7% of all abortions performed in Italy: the abortion rate among minors has risen compared to 2020, although it remains lower than in European countries with similar healthcare systems. The second chapter will focus on adolescence, particularly examining the overwhelming changes that adolescents undergo, decision-making processes, and the evolution of the parent-child relationship. The aim of this research is to explore the factors that determine the involvement or exclusion of parents in their adolescent daughters' voluntary pregnancy termination, which will be examined in the third chapter.
Aborto è il termine utilizzato per descrivere l'espulsione dall'utero di un embrione o di un feto prima che sia in grado di sopravvivere in modo indipendente. Un aborto può essere spontaneo, nel qual caso avvenga naturalmente, o indotto, nel qual caso venga prodotto intenzionalmente mediante l’assunzione di due farmaci abortivi, assunti a distanza di 48 ore, o ricorrendo all’intervento chirurgico (APA, 2018). Oggetto della presente ricerca è esclusivamente l’aborto indotto, relativo a gestanti di minore età. A livello globale, ogni anno, sono circa 73 milioni gli aborti indotti (World Health Organization, 2024a); approssimativamente, 20.000 ogni giorno. Delle 21 milioni di gravidanze che ogni anno interessano le adolescenti di età compresa tra i 15 e i 19 anni, il 55% delle gravidanze non pianificate termina con un aborto indotto (World Health Organization, 2024b). La storia dell’aborto, ripercorsa brevemente nel primo capitolo, è circoscritta in questo elaborato a due paesi: gli Stati Uniti d’America e l’Italia. Il Guttmacher Institute (2024) ha stimato che nel 2023 gli aborti praticati negli stati americani senza divieti totali siano stati 1.037.000, con un aumento dell’11% rispetto al 2020. Tra le persone che hanno praticato un aborto, gli adolescenti hanno rappresentato il 10%, di cui il 2% aveva 17 anni o meno. Dalla sentenza Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022) anche gli aborti autogestiti sono aumentati. In Italia, la relazione più recente del Ministero della Salute (2023), relativa ai dati nazionali dell’anno 2021, riporta un totale di 63.653 IVG notificate nel 2021. Al contrario del contesto americano, in Italia l’andamento è in continua diminuzione (-4,2% rispetto al 2020). Nel 2021, le donne di età inferiore ai 18 anni che hanno effettuato una IVG sono state 1.707, pari complessivamente al 2,7% di tutti gli interventi praticati in Italia: il tasso di abortività fra le minori è in aumento rispetto al 2020, pur essendo inferiore a quello di Paesi europei con analoghi sistemi socio-sanitari. Nel secondo capitolo sarà centrale il periodo adolescenziale dove, in particolare, verranno esaminati i cambiamenti totalizzanti che investono gli adolescenti, i processi decisionali e l’evoluzione del rapporto genitori – figli. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è indagare i fattori che determinano il coinvolgimento o l’esclusione dei genitori nell’interruzione volontaria di gravidanza delle figlie adolescenti, esplorati nel terzo capitolo.
INTERRUZIONE VOLONTARIA DI GRAVIDANZA (IVG) IN ADOLESCENZA: COINVOLGIMENTO ED ESCLUSIONE DEI GENITORI
BAU', LUCREZIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Abortion is the term used to describe the expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus before it is capable of surviving independently. An abortion can be spontaneous, occurring naturally, or induced, in which case it is intentionally caused through the use of two abortive medications taken 48 hours apart, or by surgical intervention (APA, 2018). The focus of this research is exclusively on induced abortion concerning minors. Globally, approximately 73 million induced abortions occur each year (World Health Organization, 2024a); roughly 20,000 per day. Of the 21 million pregnancies that affect adolescents aged 15 to 19 each year, 55% of unplanned pregnancies end in an induced abortion (World Health Organization, 2024b). The history of abortion, briefly outlined in the first chapter, is limited in this paper to two countries: the United States of America and Italy. The Guttmacher Institute (2024) estimated that in 2023, abortions performed in U.S. states without total bans numbered 1,037,000, an 11% increase compared to 2020. Among those who had an abortion, adolescents represented 10%, with 2% being 17 years old or younger. Since the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization ruling (2022), self-managed abortions have also increased. In Italy, the most recent report from the Ministry of Health (2023), covering national data for the year 2021, reports a total of 63,653 legally induced abortions (IVG) in 2021. Unlike the American context, in Italy, the trend has been continuously decreasing (-4.2% compared to 2020). In 2021, 1,707 women under 18 years of age had an IVG, accounting for 2.7% of all abortions performed in Italy: the abortion rate among minors has risen compared to 2020, although it remains lower than in European countries with similar healthcare systems. The second chapter will focus on adolescence, particularly examining the overwhelming changes that adolescents undergo, decision-making processes, and the evolution of the parent-child relationship. The aim of this research is to explore the factors that determine the involvement or exclusion of parents in their adolescent daughters' voluntary pregnancy termination, which will be examined in the third chapter.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/82395