Recent studies have highlighted a promising therapeutic option in oncology based on the combination of engineered oncolytic viruses (OVs) and CAR-T cells as carriers for the treatment of metastatic or hard-to-reach tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme. The therapeutic approach involves the use of CAR-T cells, engineered cells that express specific receptors against tumor cell antigens, infected with Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and systematically administered in orthotopic murine models of glioblastoma, both immunodeficient and immunocompetent. This strategy leverages the ability of CAR-T cells to recognize and attack tumor cells to promote their infection by HSV-1, ultimately inducing tumor cell death. In both murine models, infected CAR-T cells effectively targeted tumor cells, increasing survival rates in treated subjects. Furthermore, the efficacy of the treatment was observed to differ depending on the delivery method of the CAR-T cells. Specifically, in mice receiving intratumoral injection of infected CAR-T cells, a significant reduction in tumor volume was observed on the treated side; whereas mice treated with intravenous administration showed regression on both sides. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of the infected carrier cells as vectors for the systemic delivery of OVs and their therapeutic potential for glioblastoma treatment.
Recenti studi hanno evidenziato un’opzione terapeutica promettente nell’ambito della medicina oncologica basata sulla combinazione di virus oncolitici (OVs) ingegnerizzati e cellule CAR-T come vettori, da utilizzare per il trattamento di tumori metastatici o difficili da raggiungere, come nel caso del glioblastoma multiforme. L’approccio terapeutico prevede l’utilizzo di cellule CAR-T, cellule ingegnerizzate per esprimere recettori specifici contro antigeni delle cellule tumorali, infettate con il virus dell’Herpes simplex di tipo 1 (HSV-1) e somministrate sistematicamente in modelli murini ortotopici di glioblastoma immunodeficienti e immunocompetenti. Questa strategia sfrutta la capacità delle cellule CAR-T di riconoscere e attaccare le cellule tumorali, per promuovere la loro infezione tumorale operata da HSV-1, in modo di indurne la morte. In entrambi i modelli murini, le cellule CAR-T infettate hanno efficacemente attaccato le cellule tumorali aumentando la sopravvivenza degli individui trattati. Inoltre, si è osservata una differenza nell’efficacia del trattamento a seconda della modalità di veicolazione delle cellule CAR-T. Nello specifico, nei topi sottoposti a iniezione intratumorale di CAR-T infettate si è osservata una significativa riduzione del volume tumorale nel lato trattato con l’iniezione stessa; mentre i topi sottoposti ad una somministrazione endovenosa hanno mostrato una regressione su entrambi i lati. Questi risultati dimostrano l’efficacia delle suddette cellule carrier infettate come vettori per la somministrazione sistemica di OVs e il loro potenziale terapeutico per il trattamento del glioblastoma.
NUOVE PROSPETTIVE TERAPEUTICHE PER IL TRATTAMENTO DEL GLIOBLASTOMA: L’UTILIZZO DELLE CELLULE CAR-T PER IL RILASCIO SISTEMICO DI UN VIRUS ONCOLITICO BASATO SU HSV-1.
MASON, GIULIA SOFIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted a promising therapeutic option in oncology based on the combination of engineered oncolytic viruses (OVs) and CAR-T cells as carriers for the treatment of metastatic or hard-to-reach tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme. The therapeutic approach involves the use of CAR-T cells, engineered cells that express specific receptors against tumor cell antigens, infected with Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and systematically administered in orthotopic murine models of glioblastoma, both immunodeficient and immunocompetent. This strategy leverages the ability of CAR-T cells to recognize and attack tumor cells to promote their infection by HSV-1, ultimately inducing tumor cell death. In both murine models, infected CAR-T cells effectively targeted tumor cells, increasing survival rates in treated subjects. Furthermore, the efficacy of the treatment was observed to differ depending on the delivery method of the CAR-T cells. Specifically, in mice receiving intratumoral injection of infected CAR-T cells, a significant reduction in tumor volume was observed on the treated side; whereas mice treated with intravenous administration showed regression on both sides. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of the infected carrier cells as vectors for the systemic delivery of OVs and their therapeutic potential for glioblastoma treatment.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/82667