Background Pure Ground Glass Opacities (GGOs) represent an increasingly frequent radiologic finding. The malignant nature of these lesions has already been widely investigated; otherwise, occult lymph node involvement and the risk of local or distant recurrence remain controversial issues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the radiological and anatomopathological features of pure malignant GGOs in relation to occult lymph node involvement and post-surgical recurrence. Material and methods A retrospective single-center study was conducted at the UOC of Thoracic Surgery, University of Padua, analysing patients undergoing surgical resection (lobectomy or segmentectomy) for pure malignant GGOs between January 2016 and June 2023. Clinical, radiological and pathological data were collected, including TNM staging analysis, histological features and major radiological factors. The main outcome was the assessment of occult lymph node involvement and the frequency of local and distant recurrence. Results Of the 135 patients included, 97% had lung adenocarcinoma. Occult lymph node involvement was extremely rare (only 1.4% of cases with N1 or N2 positivity). The recurrence rate (loco-regional and distant) with a median follow-up of 47 months was 7.5% with localization of recurrences predominantly at the lung level, without lymph node involvement. Some radiological parameters such as the size and morphology of GGOs were found to be factors related to the aggressiveness of the neoplasm. Conclusions The presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with pure M-GGO is an extremely rare occurrence. This calls into question the need for radical lymphadenectomy in these patients. In addition, we point out that the possibility of the late onset of loco-regional and distant recurrences dictates prolonged radiological follow-up.
Introduzione Le Ground Glass Opacities (GGO) pure rappresentano un riscontro radiologico sempre più frequente. La natura maligna di queste lesioni è già stata ampiamente indagata; diversamente invece, il coinvolgimento linfonodale occulto e il rischio di recidiva locale o a distanza restano aspetti controversi. L’obiettivo di questo studio è valutare le caratteristiche radiologiche e anatomopatologiche delle GGO pure maligne in relazione al coinvolgimento linfonodale occulto e alle recidive post-chirurgiche. Materiali e metodi È stato condotto uno studio retrospettivo monocentrico presso l’UOC di Chirurgia Toracica dell’Università di Padova, analizzando pazienti sottoposti a resezione chirurgica (lobectomia o segmentectomia) per GGO pure maligne tra gennaio 2016 e giugno 2023. Sono stati raccolti dati clinici, radiologici e patologici, includendo l’analisi della stadiazione TNM, le caratteristiche istologiche e i principali fattori radiologici. L’outcome principale è stato la valutazione del coinvolgimento linfonodale occulto e la frequenza di recidive locali e a distanza. Risultati Dei 135 pazienti inclusi, il 97% presentava adenocarcinoma polmonare. Il coinvolgimento linfonodale occulto è risultato estremamente raro (solo il 1,4% dei casi con positività N1 o N2). Il tasso di recidiva (loco-regionale e a distanza) con un follow-up mediano di 47 mesi è risultato del 7,5% con localizzazioni delle recidive prevalentemente a livello polmonare, senza un coinvolgimento linfonodale. Alcuni parametri radiologici come le dimensioni e la morfologia delle GGO sono risultati fattori correlati all’aggressività della neoplasia. Conclusioni La presenza di metastasi linfonodali nei pazienti con M-GGO pure è un evento estremamente raro. Ciò mette in discussione la necessità di una linfoadenectomia radicale in questi pazienti. Inoltre si evidenzia come la possibilità dell’insorgenza tardiva di recidive loco-regionali e a distanza imponga un follow-up radiologico prolungato.
Valutazione del coinvolgimento linfonodale occulto e del rischio di recidiva linfonodale a distanza nei tumori polmonari tipo Ground Glass puri sottoposti ad intervento chirurgico radicale
DE SILVESTRO, MARCO
2024/2025
Abstract
Background Pure Ground Glass Opacities (GGOs) represent an increasingly frequent radiologic finding. The malignant nature of these lesions has already been widely investigated; otherwise, occult lymph node involvement and the risk of local or distant recurrence remain controversial issues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the radiological and anatomopathological features of pure malignant GGOs in relation to occult lymph node involvement and post-surgical recurrence. Material and methods A retrospective single-center study was conducted at the UOC of Thoracic Surgery, University of Padua, analysing patients undergoing surgical resection (lobectomy or segmentectomy) for pure malignant GGOs between January 2016 and June 2023. Clinical, radiological and pathological data were collected, including TNM staging analysis, histological features and major radiological factors. The main outcome was the assessment of occult lymph node involvement and the frequency of local and distant recurrence. Results Of the 135 patients included, 97% had lung adenocarcinoma. Occult lymph node involvement was extremely rare (only 1.4% of cases with N1 or N2 positivity). The recurrence rate (loco-regional and distant) with a median follow-up of 47 months was 7.5% with localization of recurrences predominantly at the lung level, without lymph node involvement. Some radiological parameters such as the size and morphology of GGOs were found to be factors related to the aggressiveness of the neoplasm. Conclusions The presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with pure M-GGO is an extremely rare occurrence. This calls into question the need for radical lymphadenectomy in these patients. In addition, we point out that the possibility of the late onset of loco-regional and distant recurrences dictates prolonged radiological follow-up.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/83012