In Italy, Artificial Nutrition and Hydration are considered medical treatments under Law 219/2017. Like all medical treatments, they must be clinically appropriate as judged by the physician, and the patient or their legal representative (caregiver, guardian, etc.) may give, deny, or revoke consent for the treatment. Artificial Nutrition and Hydration have ethical and socio-psychological implications for patients and their families. The difficulty for the physician lies in assessing the adequacy of the treatment, especially considering the lack of clear guidelines regarding nutritional therapy for terminal patients. The study aimed to assess the appropriateness of prescribing Total Parenteral Nutrition in terms of survival by examining patients from the Nutrition Service of a local healthcare facility. A case series of patients evaluated by the Nutrition Service of District 5 – South Padua, who accessed the service during the period 2021-2022-2023, was analyzed. The parameters considered were the date of nutritional therapy or hydration prescription, date of death if applicable, type of therapy prescribed, and the department of origin. A total of 346 patients were examined. 26 were alive at the time of data collection and were receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition. Among the deceased patients receiving TPN, 18.9% survived for more than three months, 36.3% died within one to three months, and 44.8% died within less than a month. Prescriptive appropriateness is ensured in the 26 surviving patients and in 18.9% of the patients who survived beyond 90 days. The data of patients who died between one and three months (36.3%) should be further investigated with a possible prospective study, analyzing underlying diseases and individualizing the analysis. Considering any acute events related to the underlying condition, the sample of patients (44.8% of the total) who died within a month of starting TPN appears worthy of evaluation regarding adequacy, given the complications and the complexity of managing TPN, as also confirmed by the literature. In any case, 55.2% of the patients survived more than thirty days, the minimum prognostic period for which it is appropriate to prescribe Parenteral Nutrition according to ESPEN guidelines on Home Parenteral Nutrition (Fourth Recommendation).
La Nutrizione e l’Idratazione Artificiali sono un trattamento medico a tutti gli effetti secondo la legge 219/2017. Come tutti i trattamenti medici, deve essere giudicato clinicamente adeguato dal medico e il paziente o il suo rappresentante legale (amministratore di sostegno, tutore ecc.) può esprimere il consenso al trattamento o negarlo o revocarlo. La Nutrizione e l’Idratazione Artificiali hanno risvolti di tipo etico e socio-psicologico per i pazienti e i familiari. La difficoltà per il medico consiste nella valutazione dell’adeguatezza del trattamento soprattutto alla luce della mancanza di chiare linee guida per quanto riguarda le indicazioni sulla terapia nutrizionale per pazienti in fase terminale. Lo studio condotto si è proposto di verificare l’appropriatezza prescrittiva della Nutrizione Parenterale Totale in termini di sopravvivenza, prendendo in esame i pazienti di un Servizio di Nutrizione di un’azienda sanitaria locale del territorio. È stata presa in esame una casistica di pazienti valutati dal Servizio di Nutrizione del Distretto 5 – Padova Sud, che hanno avuto accesso al servizio nel periodo 2021-2022-2023. I parametri che sono stati considerati sono la data di prescrizione della terapia nutrizionale o dell’idratazione, la data del decesso se presente, il tipo di terapia prescritta, il reparto di provenienza. I pazienti presi in esame sono stati 346. 26 erano vivi al momento della raccolta dati e ricevevano Nutrizione Parenterale Totale. Tra i pazienti deceduti che ricevevano NPT, Il 18,9% dei pazienti sono sopravvissuti per un periodo maggiore di tre mesi, il 36,3% dei pazienti sono deceduti in un periodo compreso tra uno e tre mesi; infine, il 44,8% dei pazienti sono deceduti dopo meno di un mese. L’appropriatezza prescrittiva è assicurata nei 26 pazienti vivi e nel 18,9% dei pazienti che sono sopravvissuti oltre i 90 giorni. Il dato dei pazienti morti tra un mese e tre mesi (36,3%), andrebbe indagato meglio con eventuale studio prospettico analizzando le patologie di fondo e individualizzando l’analisi. Tenuto conto di eventuali eventi acuti dovuti alla patologia di base, appare meritevole di valutazione circa l’adeguatezza il campione di pazienti (44,8% del totale) deceduto entro un mese dall’inizio della NPT, considerate le complicanze e la complessità di gestione della NPT, come confermato anche dalla letteratura. In ogni caso il 55,2% dei pazienti è sopravvissuto più di trenta giorni, termine minimo prognostico per cui è appropriato prescrivere la Nutrizione Parenterale secondo le linee guida ESPEN per la Nutrizione Parenterale a domicilio (Quarta Raccomandazione).
Nutrizione Parenterale e appropriatezza prescrittiva ai sensi della Legge 219 del 2017
LORENZON, DAVIDE
2024/2025
Abstract
In Italy, Artificial Nutrition and Hydration are considered medical treatments under Law 219/2017. Like all medical treatments, they must be clinically appropriate as judged by the physician, and the patient or their legal representative (caregiver, guardian, etc.) may give, deny, or revoke consent for the treatment. Artificial Nutrition and Hydration have ethical and socio-psychological implications for patients and their families. The difficulty for the physician lies in assessing the adequacy of the treatment, especially considering the lack of clear guidelines regarding nutritional therapy for terminal patients. The study aimed to assess the appropriateness of prescribing Total Parenteral Nutrition in terms of survival by examining patients from the Nutrition Service of a local healthcare facility. A case series of patients evaluated by the Nutrition Service of District 5 – South Padua, who accessed the service during the period 2021-2022-2023, was analyzed. The parameters considered were the date of nutritional therapy or hydration prescription, date of death if applicable, type of therapy prescribed, and the department of origin. A total of 346 patients were examined. 26 were alive at the time of data collection and were receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition. Among the deceased patients receiving TPN, 18.9% survived for more than three months, 36.3% died within one to three months, and 44.8% died within less than a month. Prescriptive appropriateness is ensured in the 26 surviving patients and in 18.9% of the patients who survived beyond 90 days. The data of patients who died between one and three months (36.3%) should be further investigated with a possible prospective study, analyzing underlying diseases and individualizing the analysis. Considering any acute events related to the underlying condition, the sample of patients (44.8% of the total) who died within a month of starting TPN appears worthy of evaluation regarding adequacy, given the complications and the complexity of managing TPN, as also confirmed by the literature. In any case, 55.2% of the patients survived more than thirty days, the minimum prognostic period for which it is appropriate to prescribe Parenteral Nutrition according to ESPEN guidelines on Home Parenteral Nutrition (Fourth Recommendation).File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/83013