The phenomenon of climate migration, i.e. the displacement of individuals within or beyond the borders of a territory due to the effects of climate change, assumes a central role in the current context of global ecological crisis. Extreme weather events such as floods, droughts and heat waves affect people differentially, amplifying pre-existing vulnerabilities and exacerbating social, economic and health inequalities. This research focuses on sub-Saharan Africa, one of the regions most affected by climate change and characterised by significant outward migration flows. The aim of the research is to analyse who climate migrants are in Italy and how environmental transformations influence individual decisions to migrate. Using the theoretical framework of political ecology and the concept of ‘migration drivers’, the investigation adopts a multi-causal approach to examine the interaction between socio-economic vulnerabilities, climate change exposure and human mobility, relying on the analysis of official reports and statistical data. Subsequently, the case study of the 2012 floods in Nigeria allows for an in-depth examination of the role of environmental factors as key determinants of migration, with a focus on internal displacement. The results underline the need to consider climate mobility as a complex and diverse adaptive response, closely linked to local contexts and the global dynamics of climate change.
Il fenomeno delle migrazioni climatiche, ovvero gli spostamenti di individui entro o oltre i confini di un territorio a causa degli effetti del cambiamento climatico, assume un ruolo centrale nell'attuale contesto di crisi ecologica globale. Eventi climatici estremi come inondazioni, siccità e ondate di calore colpiscono le persone in modo differenziato, amplificando vulnerabilità preesistenti e aggravando le disuguaglianze sociali, economiche e sanitarie. Questa ricerca pone il focus sull'Africa subsahariana, una delle regioni maggiormente colpite dal cambiamento climatico e caratterizzata da significativi flussi migratori verso l'esterno, con l'obiettivo di analizzare chi siano i migranti climatici in Italia e in che modo le trasformazioni ambientali influenzino le decisioni individuali di migrare. Utilizzando il quadro teorico dell'ecologia politica e il concetto di "migration drivers", l'indagine adotta un approccio multicausale per esaminare l'interazione tra vulnerabilità socioeconomiche, esposizione al cambiamento climatico e mobilità umana, basandosi sull'analisi report ufficiali e dati statistici. In seguito il caso studio delle inondazioni in Nigeria del 2012 consente di approfondire il ruolo dei fattori ambientali come determinanti chiave delle migrazioni, con particolare attenzione al fenomeno degli spostamenti interni. I risultati sottolineano la necessità di considerare la mobilità climatica come una risposta adattiva complessa e diversificata, strettamente legata ai contesti locali e alle dinamiche globali del cambiamento climatico.
Crisi ecologica e mobilità umana: le migrazioni climatiche dall'Africa subsahariana
MARCHI, AMELIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The phenomenon of climate migration, i.e. the displacement of individuals within or beyond the borders of a territory due to the effects of climate change, assumes a central role in the current context of global ecological crisis. Extreme weather events such as floods, droughts and heat waves affect people differentially, amplifying pre-existing vulnerabilities and exacerbating social, economic and health inequalities. This research focuses on sub-Saharan Africa, one of the regions most affected by climate change and characterised by significant outward migration flows. The aim of the research is to analyse who climate migrants are in Italy and how environmental transformations influence individual decisions to migrate. Using the theoretical framework of political ecology and the concept of ‘migration drivers’, the investigation adopts a multi-causal approach to examine the interaction between socio-economic vulnerabilities, climate change exposure and human mobility, relying on the analysis of official reports and statistical data. Subsequently, the case study of the 2012 floods in Nigeria allows for an in-depth examination of the role of environmental factors as key determinants of migration, with a focus on internal displacement. The results underline the need to consider climate mobility as a complex and diverse adaptive response, closely linked to local contexts and the global dynamics of climate change.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/83248