Introduction: Combined resection of primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and synchronous liver metastases (CRLM) offers several advantages but raises some concerns regarding the risk of major complications. To date, no studies in the literature have directly compared combined colon resection with multiple microwave ablations (MWA). This study aims to evaluate the impact of combined primary tumor resection and liver surgery on postoperative complications, particularly in cases involving major liver resections and/or multiple ablations. Methods: 113 consecutive cases of simultaneous liver and colorectal surgery for CRLM (January 2015-December 2023) categorized patients into three groups based on the type of liver surgical treatment: local treatment-only (n=35), combined resection and local treatment (n=46), and resection-only (n=32). Outcomes were analyzed based on tumor burden, intraoperative metrics, and postoperative complications. Results: Patients in the ablative treatment groups had smaller hepatic metastases (p<0.001) and more frequent multifocal and bilobar liver disease (p=0.027 and p=0.047, respectively). Larger lesions (>50 mm) were predominantly managed with resection-only (p=0.003). Intraoperative blood loss was highest in the resection-only group (p<0.001). Major complications were similar across groups (p>0.99), but bile leaks (0% vs. 0% vs. 16%, p=0.001) and postoperative collections (5.7% vs. 6.5% vs. 31%, p=0.003) were more frequent in the resection-only group. The combined group showed higher rates of peri-hepatic abscesses (0% vs. 0% vs. 11%, p=0.022) and febrile episodes (p=0.004). ICU stays were longest in the resection-only group (p=0.022). While recurrence rates were comparable (p=0.13), median overall survival was significantly shorter in the resection-only group (p=0.017). Conclusion: This study highlights the distinct postoperative challenges associated with combined primary tumor resection and liver surgery for synchronous CRLM, particularly in cases involving major liver resections or multiple MWA. While specific complications varied across treatment groups, the findings underscore the need for tailored strategies to optimize outcomes and minimize complications. Due to the low incidence of major complications, the analysis was limited. Furthermore, there are no studies on the use of multiple MWA combined with primary resection.
Introduzione: La resezione combinata del tumore primitivo al colon-retto (CRC) e delle metastasi epatiche sincrone (CRLM) offre numerosi vantaggi, ma solleva alcune preoccupazioni riguardo al rischio di complicanze maggiori. Ad oggi, non esistono studi in letteratura che confrontino direttamente la resezione del primitivo combinata alle ablazioni multiple (MWA). Questo studio ha lo scopo di valutare l'impatto della resezione combinata del tumore primitivo e della chirurgia epatica sulle complicanze postoperatorie, con un focus specifico sui casi che coinvolgono resezioni epatiche maggiori e/o MWA multiple. Metodi: Sono stati inclusi 113 casi consecutivi di chirurgia combinata del fegato e del tumore primitivo per CRLM (gennaio 2015-dicembre 2023), suddivisi in tre gruppi in base al tipo di trattamento epatico ricevuto: solo ablazione (n=35), resezione combinata ad ablazione (n=46) e solo resezione (n=32). I risultati sono stati analizzati in base al carico tumorale, ai parametri intraoperatori e alle complicanze postoperatorie. Risultati: I pazienti nei gruppi trattati con ablazione presentavano metastasi epatiche di dimensioni inferiori (p<0,001) e una maggiore frequenza di malattia epatica multifocale e bilobare (p=0,027 e p=0,047, rispettivamente). Le lesioni di dimensioni maggiori (>50 mm) hanno ricevuto prevalentemente un trattamento resettivo (p=0,003). Le perdite ematiche intraoperatorie sono risultate più elevate nel gruppo resettivo (p<0,001). Le complicanze maggiori sono state simili tra i gruppi (p>0,99), ma le fistole biliari (0% vs. 0% vs. 16%, p=0,001) e le raccolte postoperatorie (5,7% vs. 6,5% vs. 31%, p=0,003) sono state più frequenti nel gruppo resettivo. Il gruppo combinato ha mostrato tassi più elevati di ascessi peri-epatici (0% vs. 0% vs. 11%, p=0,022) e di episodi febbrili (p=0,004). I ricoveri in terapia intensiva sono stati più prolungati nel gruppo resettivo (p=0,022). Sebbene i tassi di recidiva siano risultati comparabili (p=0,13), la sopravvivenza mediana globale è stata significativamente più breve nel gruppo resettivo (p=0,017). Conclusioni: Questo studio evidenzia le sfide postoperatorie associate alla resezione combinata del tumore primitivo e della chirurgia epatica per CRLM sincrone, in particolare nei casi che coinvolgono resezioni epatiche maggiori e/o MWA multiple. Sebbene le complicanze specifiche siano variate tra i gruppi di trattamento, i risultati sottolineano la necessità di strategie personalizzate per ottimizzare gli esiti e ridurre le complicanze. A causa della bassa incidenza di complicanze maggiori, l'analisi è stata limitata. Inoltre, non esistono studi sull'uso di MWA multiple combinate alla resezione del primitivo.
Chirurgia combinata per malattia primitiva e metastatica nelle CRLM: profilo di rischio di un approccio multistrumentale e della chirurgia maggiore del fegato
MEMA, SILVIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Introduction: Combined resection of primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and synchronous liver metastases (CRLM) offers several advantages but raises some concerns regarding the risk of major complications. To date, no studies in the literature have directly compared combined colon resection with multiple microwave ablations (MWA). This study aims to evaluate the impact of combined primary tumor resection and liver surgery on postoperative complications, particularly in cases involving major liver resections and/or multiple ablations. Methods: 113 consecutive cases of simultaneous liver and colorectal surgery for CRLM (January 2015-December 2023) categorized patients into three groups based on the type of liver surgical treatment: local treatment-only (n=35), combined resection and local treatment (n=46), and resection-only (n=32). Outcomes were analyzed based on tumor burden, intraoperative metrics, and postoperative complications. Results: Patients in the ablative treatment groups had smaller hepatic metastases (p<0.001) and more frequent multifocal and bilobar liver disease (p=0.027 and p=0.047, respectively). Larger lesions (>50 mm) were predominantly managed with resection-only (p=0.003). Intraoperative blood loss was highest in the resection-only group (p<0.001). Major complications were similar across groups (p>0.99), but bile leaks (0% vs. 0% vs. 16%, p=0.001) and postoperative collections (5.7% vs. 6.5% vs. 31%, p=0.003) were more frequent in the resection-only group. The combined group showed higher rates of peri-hepatic abscesses (0% vs. 0% vs. 11%, p=0.022) and febrile episodes (p=0.004). ICU stays were longest in the resection-only group (p=0.022). While recurrence rates were comparable (p=0.13), median overall survival was significantly shorter in the resection-only group (p=0.017). Conclusion: This study highlights the distinct postoperative challenges associated with combined primary tumor resection and liver surgery for synchronous CRLM, particularly in cases involving major liver resections or multiple MWA. While specific complications varied across treatment groups, the findings underscore the need for tailored strategies to optimize outcomes and minimize complications. Due to the low incidence of major complications, the analysis was limited. Furthermore, there are no studies on the use of multiple MWA combined with primary resection.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/84492