The research work, carried out in this thesis entitled "beyond euthanasia: philosophical-legal reflections on the end of life between individual self-determination, public polycies and the protection of the person", wants to offer a space for philosophical-legal and argumentative analysis that allows to deepen the appearance of the 'end of life', intended as not necessarily coinciding with the word 'euthanasia'. The terminal phase of life. In the first instance, after clarifying the reference regulatory horizon, light on which one may be, and are, the explicit and implicit premises characterizing the debate around the end of life. Debate, often and willingly, imbued with dangerous 'endaxa', of commonplaces to be avoided to be able to conduct as objective as possible. Subsequently, the analysis develops on two hierarchically ordered levels. The first and superficial level you want to cross is the individual one. The individuality of the subject who is having to decide on his life or death. In particular, the focus is directed to the request of palliation and accompaniment to death and, again, on the Eutanasic request as an extension of the right to self -determination; All coordinated by the awareness of the situation of despair and unbearability in which the patient pays for his psycho-physical condition and for that of the family members towards whom he feels the source of an unsustainable weight. Consistently with the above method, of this level, linked to an almost subjectivistic vision of the law, the topics used to support one or the other choice and the estate of these arguments are analyzed. Following, the gaze moves, expanding, on a second and higher level: the 'political' plan to be understood with reference to the company and, consequently, to the public interest of which the same becomes a spokesperson. To this end, the interests and arguments spent in those systems are addressed, which, in a prominent way, focus on euthanasia sometimes as a tool to save health costs. The discussion will take place around the Eutanasic request, here, interpreted as a request for 'public hygiene' until they investigate if there are any thrusts to move public opinion in favor of a choice rather than another , with particular reference to the experience of the countries of Northern Europe. Since the purpose of this thesis lies in the will to 'clean the canvas' of the debate by helping to clarify the terms of the matter and the possible risks of manipulation of public opinion, through a logical-argumentative analysis, attention will be paid to the identification of Any fallacies or logical errors underlying the various arguments spent by those who support one or the other perspective.
Il lavoro di ricerca, svolto nella presente tesi dal titolo ‘’Oltre l’Eutanasia: riflessioni filosofico-giuridiche sul Fine Vita tra autodeterminazione individuale, policies pubbliche e tutela della persona", vuole offrire uno spazio di analisi filosofico-giuridica e argomentativa che consenta di approfondire l’aspetto del ‘fine vita’, inteso come non necessariamente coincidente con la parola ‘eutanasia’. Più nello specifico, lo scopo dello scritto risiede nell’analizzare e comprendere le istanze che vengono in gioco quando ci si affaccia, vivendola, la fase terminale della vita. In prima battuta, dopo aver chiarito l’orizzonte normativo di riferimento, si fa luce su quali possano essere, e sono, le premesse esplicite e implicite caratterizzanti il dibattito attorno al fine vita. Dibattito, spesso e volentieri, intriso di pericolosi ‘endoxa’, di luoghi comuni da evitare per riuscire a condurre una trattazione il più oggettiva possibile. Successivamente l’analisi si sviluppa su due livelli gerarchicamente ordinati. Il primo e superficiale livello che si vuole attraversare è quello individuale. L’individualità del soggetto che si trova a dover decidere sulla propria vita o morte. In particolare, il focus si indirizza sull’istanza della palliazione e accompagnamento alla morte e, ancora, sulla richiesta eutanasica come estensione del diritto all’autodeterminazione; il tutto coordinato dalla presa di consapevolezza della situazione di disperazione e di insopportabilità in cui il malato versa sia per la propria condizione psico-fisica sia per quella dei familiari nei cui confronti si sente fonte di un insostenibile peso. Coerentemente con il metodo sopraddetto, di questo livello, legato ad una visione quasi soggettivistica del diritto, si analizzano gli argomenti utilizzati per sostenere l’una o l’altra scelta e la tenuta di tali argomentazioni. A seguire, lo sguardo si sposta, ampliandosi, su un secondo e più alto livello: il piano ‘politico’ da intendersi con riferimento alla società e, conseguentemente, all’interesse pubblico di cui la stessa si fa portavoce. A tal fine, parimenti si affrontano gli interessi e gli argomenti spesi in quegli ordinamenti che, in modo spinto, puntano sull’eutanasia talora come strumento per risparmiare spese sanitarie. La trattazione si svolgerà attorno alla richiesta eutanasica, in questa sede, interpretata alla stregua di una richiesta di ‘igiene pubblica’ fino ad indagare se vi siano eventualmente delle spinte a spostare l’opinione pubblica a favore di una scelta piuttosto che di un’altra, con particolar riferimento all’esperienza dei Paesi del Nord Europa. Dal momento che lo scopo della presente tesi risiede nella volontà di ‘pulire la tela’ del dibattito aiutando a chiarire i termini della questione e i possibili rischi di manipolazione dell’opinione pubblica, tramite un’analisi logico-argomentativa si presterà attenzione all’individuazione di eventuali fallacie o errori logici sottesi alle varie argomentazioni spese da chi sostiene l’una o l’altra prospettiva.
Oltre l’Eutanasia: riflessioni filosofico-giuridiche sul Fine Vita tra autodeterminazione individuale, policies pubbliche e tutela della persona.
DAL BELLO, SOFIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The research work, carried out in this thesis entitled "beyond euthanasia: philosophical-legal reflections on the end of life between individual self-determination, public polycies and the protection of the person", wants to offer a space for philosophical-legal and argumentative analysis that allows to deepen the appearance of the 'end of life', intended as not necessarily coinciding with the word 'euthanasia'. The terminal phase of life. In the first instance, after clarifying the reference regulatory horizon, light on which one may be, and are, the explicit and implicit premises characterizing the debate around the end of life. Debate, often and willingly, imbued with dangerous 'endaxa', of commonplaces to be avoided to be able to conduct as objective as possible. Subsequently, the analysis develops on two hierarchically ordered levels. The first and superficial level you want to cross is the individual one. The individuality of the subject who is having to decide on his life or death. In particular, the focus is directed to the request of palliation and accompaniment to death and, again, on the Eutanasic request as an extension of the right to self -determination; All coordinated by the awareness of the situation of despair and unbearability in which the patient pays for his psycho-physical condition and for that of the family members towards whom he feels the source of an unsustainable weight. Consistently with the above method, of this level, linked to an almost subjectivistic vision of the law, the topics used to support one or the other choice and the estate of these arguments are analyzed. Following, the gaze moves, expanding, on a second and higher level: the 'political' plan to be understood with reference to the company and, consequently, to the public interest of which the same becomes a spokesperson. To this end, the interests and arguments spent in those systems are addressed, which, in a prominent way, focus on euthanasia sometimes as a tool to save health costs. The discussion will take place around the Eutanasic request, here, interpreted as a request for 'public hygiene' until they investigate if there are any thrusts to move public opinion in favor of a choice rather than another , with particular reference to the experience of the countries of Northern Europe. Since the purpose of this thesis lies in the will to 'clean the canvas' of the debate by helping to clarify the terms of the matter and the possible risks of manipulation of public opinion, through a logical-argumentative analysis, attention will be paid to the identification of Any fallacies or logical errors underlying the various arguments spent by those who support one or the other perspective.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/84570