Restorative Justice, emerging in the 1980s and becoming the focus of lively and engaging debates in the following years, not only fostered the development of innovative methodologies and legal institutions but also provided (and continues to provide) a fertile ground for reflections aimed at proposing a new paradigm of criminal justice. This paper first examines how Restorative Justice may not be merely an alternative model to criminal justice but rather a complementary framework that allows the latter to adapt and renew its fundamental principles. After defining Restorative Justice and outlining its key characteristics, the discussion explores the challenges inherent in traditional criminal justice systems and the difficulties of integrating Restorative Justice into legal frameworks, which are often governed by longstanding principles seemingly at odds with this new paradigm. Nevertheless, bridging Restorative Justice and traditional criminal systems is both possible and necessary. Following persistent international legislative efforts, the Italian legal system, too, has witnessed the introduction of "giustizia riparativa" through the Cartabia reform, which encapsulates the values and principles central to Restorative Justice. Significant attention is thus given to the practical applications of Restorative Justice, exploring topics such as restorative practices, probation with a restorative lens, and the impact of restorative encounters on recidivism rates. At this stage of the analysis, a reevaluation of law through the perspective of Restorative Justice becomes crucial. Starting from the emblematic dialogue on justice between Polemarchus and Socrates in Plato's Republic, Giambattista Vico's reflections offer an intriguing viewpoint on the concept of law, viewed not as confined to rigid, abstract categories but as a dynamic tool tied to the multifaceted and complex nature of human experiences. In this context, the ethics of reciprocity and the moral imagination outlined by John Paul Lederach are compared with the principles of Restorative Justice. The modern jurist is thus confronted with the challenges posed by this paradigm, which prioritizes emotions and human relationships as pivotal factors for rethinking and revitalizing the approach to law. Finally, the paper examines new perspectives on regulation through the framework of Restorative Justice. Society, drawing on the concept of dominion articulated by John Braithwaite and Philip Pettit, can be reimagined as a space where citizens are not adversaries focused solely on preserving individual freedoms but allies seeking to coexist with mutual respect. In the theory of dominion, ensuring the repair of harm caused by a crime thus becomes a shared responsibility. This vision aligns closely with the regulatory approach advocated by Lode Walgrave, which, while recognizing the need for coercive measures in certain contexts, emphasizes the importance of consensual solutions to address harm. Accordingly, the paper proposes a responsive regulation strategy aimed at establishing a model of dialogic justice in the field of regulation.
La Restorative Justice, nata negli anni 80’ e centro di accesi ed interessanti dibattiti negli anni a venire, non solo ha favorito lo sviluppo di metodologie ed istituti giuridici innovativi, ma ha anche rappresentato (e tutt’ora continua a rappresentare) teatro di riflessioni che mirano a proporre un nuovo paradigma di giustizia penale. Il presente elaborato analizza, innanzitutto, come la Restorative Justice possa essere non tanto un modello alternativo alla giustizia penale, quanto, piuttosto, un modello complementare che permette di adattare e rinnovare i principi fondamentali di quest’ultima. Una volta definita la Restorative Justice e delineate le sue caratteristiche, sono oggetto di approfondita esamina le criticità dei sistemi penali tradizionali e l’arduo inserimento della Restorative Justice nell’ordinamento, il quale è contraddistinto da secolari principi che appaiono in conflitto con il nuovo paradigma. Eppure, è possibile e necessario costruire un ponte tra Restorative Justice e i sistemi penali tradizionali: dopo numerose ed insistenti spinte legislative internazionali, pure nell’ordinamento italiano si è osservata l’introduzione di una "giustizia riparativa" attraverso la riforma Cartabia, che racchiude i valori e le considerazioni alla base della Restorative Justice. Grande enfasi viene allora data alle potenzialità applicative della Restorative Justice, analizzando tematiche come le restorative practices, la messa alla prova in chiave riparativa e l’impatto sugli indici di recidiva degli incontri finalizzati alla restoration. Una rilettura del diritto attraverso la lente della Restorative Justice è, a questo punto dello studio qui intrapreso, di vitale importanza. Partendo dal dialogo emblematico tra Polemarco e Socrate sulla giustizia riportato da Platone ne “La Repubblica”, le riflessioni di Giambattista Vico offrono un’interessante punto di vista sul concetto di diritto, concepito non come racchiuso in circoscritte e astratte categorie, ma come uno strumento legato alle molteplici e complesse vicende umane. In questo contesto, l’etica della reciprocità e la moral imagination tratteggiata da John Paul Lederach vengono confrontate con la Restorative Justice. Il giurista moderno si trova così di fronte alle sfide poste da questo nuovo paradigma, che invita a considerare emozioni e relazioni umane come elementi centrali per un nuovo approccio al diritto. Infine, nuove prospettive di regolamentazione attraverso la Restorative Justice vengono qui esaminate. La società, attraverso il concetto di dominion presentato da John Braithwaite e Philip Pettit, può essere intravista come luogo in cui i cittadini, piuttosto che nemici la cui attenzione è mirata soltanto a preservare le proprie libertà individuali, sono alleati che vogliono convivere con attenta mutualità. Nella teoria del dominion, assicurare la riparazione del danno commesso da un crimine diventa quindi una responsabilità condivisa. In questa diversa visione della società ben si inserisce il modello di regulation proposto da Lode Walgrave che, pur riconoscendo la necessità di una pena coercitiva in certi contesti, enfatizza l’importanza delle soluzioni consensuali per la riparazione del danno. A tal proposito, il presente elaborato propone una strategia di responsive regulation, volta a delineare una giustizia dialogica nel campo della regolamentazione.
Dalla "giustizia riparativa" alla "giustizia dialogica": riflessioni e nuove prospettive di regolamentazione sulla Restorative Justice
PEDRO, SOFIA MARIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Restorative Justice, emerging in the 1980s and becoming the focus of lively and engaging debates in the following years, not only fostered the development of innovative methodologies and legal institutions but also provided (and continues to provide) a fertile ground for reflections aimed at proposing a new paradigm of criminal justice. This paper first examines how Restorative Justice may not be merely an alternative model to criminal justice but rather a complementary framework that allows the latter to adapt and renew its fundamental principles. After defining Restorative Justice and outlining its key characteristics, the discussion explores the challenges inherent in traditional criminal justice systems and the difficulties of integrating Restorative Justice into legal frameworks, which are often governed by longstanding principles seemingly at odds with this new paradigm. Nevertheless, bridging Restorative Justice and traditional criminal systems is both possible and necessary. Following persistent international legislative efforts, the Italian legal system, too, has witnessed the introduction of "giustizia riparativa" through the Cartabia reform, which encapsulates the values and principles central to Restorative Justice. Significant attention is thus given to the practical applications of Restorative Justice, exploring topics such as restorative practices, probation with a restorative lens, and the impact of restorative encounters on recidivism rates. At this stage of the analysis, a reevaluation of law through the perspective of Restorative Justice becomes crucial. Starting from the emblematic dialogue on justice between Polemarchus and Socrates in Plato's Republic, Giambattista Vico's reflections offer an intriguing viewpoint on the concept of law, viewed not as confined to rigid, abstract categories but as a dynamic tool tied to the multifaceted and complex nature of human experiences. In this context, the ethics of reciprocity and the moral imagination outlined by John Paul Lederach are compared with the principles of Restorative Justice. The modern jurist is thus confronted with the challenges posed by this paradigm, which prioritizes emotions and human relationships as pivotal factors for rethinking and revitalizing the approach to law. Finally, the paper examines new perspectives on regulation through the framework of Restorative Justice. Society, drawing on the concept of dominion articulated by John Braithwaite and Philip Pettit, can be reimagined as a space where citizens are not adversaries focused solely on preserving individual freedoms but allies seeking to coexist with mutual respect. In the theory of dominion, ensuring the repair of harm caused by a crime thus becomes a shared responsibility. This vision aligns closely with the regulatory approach advocated by Lode Walgrave, which, while recognizing the need for coercive measures in certain contexts, emphasizes the importance of consensual solutions to address harm. Accordingly, the paper proposes a responsive regulation strategy aimed at establishing a model of dialogic justice in the field of regulation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi definitiva di Sofia Maria Pedro.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
4.24 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
4.24 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/84572