Background. Adherence to opioid therapy is essential for effective management of chronic pain, but is often influenced by barriers, such as fears related to dependency, lack of understanding and complexity of therapeutic regimens that can lead to poor or excessive adherence. Nurses play a fundamental role in optimizing adherence, through education, support and continuous monitoring. Objectives. This study aims to identify the most effective nursing strategies to improve adherence to therapy in patients with chronic pain treated with opioids, contributing to better pain control, a better quality of life and a reduction in the risk of abuse or misuse. Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted, analyzing 16 studies published between 2009 and 2024. Studies exploring educational, psychomotivational and control interventions, implemented by nurses in the chronic pain management context were included. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases were searched. Results. Educational interventions, such as face-to-face information sessions and multimedia materials, improved patient understanding and adherence. Psychomotivational interventions, such as motivational interviewing, increased confidence and willingness to change. Control strategies, including regular monitoring and the use of therapeutic contracts, reduced abusive behaviors and improved therapeutic safety. The integration of multicomponent interventions demonstrated a more significant impact than single interventions. Conclusions. Nursing strategies, implemented within a multidisciplinary approach, can optimize therapeutic adherence, ensure safety and improve patients' quality of life. However, there is a need to strengthen training and standardization of practices, which requires further research and targeted policies. Keywords: Therapeutic adherence, chronic pain, opioids, nursing, educational strategies, monitoring, motivational interviewing.
Background. L’aderenza alla terapia con oppioidi è essenziale per una gestione efficace del dolore cronico, ma spesso è influenzata da barriere, come timori legati alla dipendenza, mancanza di comprensione e complessità dei regimi terapeutici che possono portare ad una scarsa aderenza in difetto o in eccesso. Gli infermieri rivestono un’importanza fondamentale nell’ottimizzare l’aderenza, mediante educazione, supporto e monitoraggio continuo. Obiettivi. Questo studio si propone di identificare le strategie infermieristiche più efficaci per migliorare l’aderenza alla terapia nei pazienti con dolore cronico in trattamento con oppioidi, contribuendo ad un migliore controllo del dolore, una miglior qualità di vita e una riduzione dei rischi di abuso o uso improprio. Materiali e metodi. È stata condotta una revisione della letteratura, analizzando 16 studi pubblicati tra il 2009 e il 2024. Sono stati inclusi studi che esplorano interventi educativi, psicomotivazionali e di controllo, attuati da infermieri nei contesti di gestione del dolore cronico. Sono state consultate le banche dati di PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE e il motore di ricerca Google Scholar. Risultati. Gli interventi educativi, come sessioni informative faccia a faccia e materiali multimediali, hanno migliorato la comprensione e l’aderenza dei pazienti. Gli interventi psicomotivazionali, come il colloquio motivazionale, hanno incrementato la fiducia e la propensione al cambiamento. Le strategie di controllo, tra cui il monitoraggio regolare e l’uso di contratti terapeutici, hanno ridotto comportamenti di abuso e migliorato la sicurezza terapeutica. L'integrazione di interventi multicomponente ha dimostrato un impatto più significativo rispetto agli interventi singoli. Conclusioni. Le strategie infermieristiche, messe all’interno di un approccio multidisciplinare, possono ottimizzare l’aderenza terapeutica, garantire la sicurezza e migliorare la qualità di vita dei pazienti. Tuttavia, occorre rafforzare la formazione e la standardizzazione delle pratiche, che richiedono ulteriori ricerche e politiche mirate. Keywords: Therapeutic adherence, chronic pain, opioids, nursing, educational strategies, monitoring, motivational interviewing.
STRATEGIE INFERMIERISTICHE PER MIGLIORARE L’ADERENZA ALLA TERAPIA CON OPPIOIDI NEI PAZIENTI CON DOLORE CRONICO: UNA REVISIONE DELLA LETTERATURA
MICHIELON, EDOARDO
2023/2024
Abstract
Background. Adherence to opioid therapy is essential for effective management of chronic pain, but is often influenced by barriers, such as fears related to dependency, lack of understanding and complexity of therapeutic regimens that can lead to poor or excessive adherence. Nurses play a fundamental role in optimizing adherence, through education, support and continuous monitoring. Objectives. This study aims to identify the most effective nursing strategies to improve adherence to therapy in patients with chronic pain treated with opioids, contributing to better pain control, a better quality of life and a reduction in the risk of abuse or misuse. Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted, analyzing 16 studies published between 2009 and 2024. Studies exploring educational, psychomotivational and control interventions, implemented by nurses in the chronic pain management context were included. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases were searched. Results. Educational interventions, such as face-to-face information sessions and multimedia materials, improved patient understanding and adherence. Psychomotivational interventions, such as motivational interviewing, increased confidence and willingness to change. Control strategies, including regular monitoring and the use of therapeutic contracts, reduced abusive behaviors and improved therapeutic safety. The integration of multicomponent interventions demonstrated a more significant impact than single interventions. Conclusions. Nursing strategies, implemented within a multidisciplinary approach, can optimize therapeutic adherence, ensure safety and improve patients' quality of life. However, there is a need to strengthen training and standardization of practices, which requires further research and targeted policies. Keywords: Therapeutic adherence, chronic pain, opioids, nursing, educational strategies, monitoring, motivational interviewing.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/85367