Canine leishmaniasis is an emerging zoonotic disease transmitted by vector arthropods, i.e. sandflies, with significant public and veterinary health implications. Veterinarians are the first point of reference for pet owners and play a crucial role in both case management and information and education for prevention. Understanding owners' knowledge level and how veterinarians handle cases and inform pet owners is essential to improving disease prevention, control and management. Scientific studies based on structured questionnaires help to identify information gaps and lead to actions aimed at raising public awareness of the disease in dogs, the risk of transmission to humans and how to prevent both. This thesis aims to evaluate the strategies adopted by veterinarians in the management of canine leishmaniasis in Italy and Brazil, while also evaluating the level of awareness among dog owners regarding the health risks for their animals and humans. This will be achieved through the administration of online questionnaires specifically designed to collect data in the respective geographical areas. Through the online platform QualtricsXM®, questionnaires were distributed to target populations via social media and institutional channels of the Provincial Professional Orders. The data collected was analyzed with descriptive statistics. The professional updating of Italian and Brazilian veterinarians is aligned with the evidence of the scientific community, both for preventive and diagnostic aspects, as well as for therapeutic ones. This highlights effective and useful interaction between the professionals and the scientific world, facilitated by active communication and continuing updating of veterinarians. The Italian pet owners, although aware of canine leishmaniasis and the existence of preventive measures to combat the disease, thanks to the informative action of veterinarians; are not particularly concerned about their health, pointing out that they are not aware of the zoonotic risk and that there is an education gap. This underscores a significant lack of awareness regarding the zoonotic risk and highlights an existing gap in education and information. Conversely, Brazilian dog owners demonstrate significantly greater awareness of the risks to both animal and human health. This data confirms that a context in which leishmaniasis causes numerous human cases fosters greater public awareness. In conclusion, the study highlights the crucial role of veterinarians and all health professionals in public education and awareness, underlining the importance of improving scientific dissemination to both pet owners and the citizens.
La leishmaniosi canina è una malattia zoonotica emergente trasmessa da artropodi vettori, i flebotomi, con implicazioni significative per la salute pubblica e veterinaria. I medici veterinari sono il primo punto di riferimento per i proprietari di cani e svolgono un ruolo cruciale sia nella gestione dei casi clinici sia nell'informazione e nell’educazione alla prevenzione. Comprendere il livello di conoscenza dei proprietari e le modalità con cui i medici veterinari gestiscono i casi e informano i proprietari è fondamentale per migliorare la prevenzione, il controllo e la gestione della malattia. Studi scientifici basati su questionari strutturati aiutano a individuare lacune informative e guidano ad interventi mirati a sensibilizzare la popolazione sulla malattia nel cane, sul rischio di trasmissione all’uomo e sulle modalità di prevenzione a tutela della salute di entrambi. Lo scopo di questa tesi è valutare le strategie adottate dai medici veterinari nella gestione della leishmaniosi canina in Italia e in Brasile e di analizzare al contempo il livello di consapevolezza dei proprietari riguardo ai rischi per la salute del proprio animale e per quella umana, attraverso la somministrazione di questionari online appositamente progettati per raccogliere dati nelle rispettive aree geografiche. Attraverso la piattaforma online QualtricsXM®, i questionari sono stati distribuiti alle popolazioni target tramite i social media e i canali istituzionali degli Ordini Provinciali dei professionisti. I dati raccolti sono stati analizzati con una statistica descrittiva. L’aggiornamento professionale dei medici veterinari italiani e brasiliani risulta allineato alle evidenze della comunità scientifica, sia per gli aspetti preventivi e diagnostici, sia per quelli terapeutici. Ciò evidenzia un’interazione efficace e proficua tra i professionisti del settore e il mondo scientifico, favorita da una comunicazione attiva e un costante aggiornamento dei medici veterinari. I proprietari italiani, pur conoscendo la leishmaniosi canina e l’esistenza di misure preventive per la lotta alla malattia, grazie soprattutto all’azione informativa dei medici veterinari, non risultano essere particolarmente preoccupati per la loro salute, sottolineando come non siano affatto consapevoli del rischio zoonosico e come esista una lacuna educativa. Diversamente, i proprietari brasiliani risultano essere significativamente più consapevoli dei rischi sia per la salute del proprio animale sia per la propria. Questo dato conferma come un contesto in cui la leishmaniosi causa numerosi casi umani favorisca una maggiore sensibilizzazione della popolazione. In conclusione, lo studio evidenzia il ruolo fondamentale dei medici veterinari e di tutti i professionisti della salute nell’educazione e nella sensibilizzazione pubblica, sottolineando l'importanza di migliorare la divulgazione scientifica rivolta sia ai proprietari che ai cittadini in generale.
Panoramica sulla Leshmaniosi canina (LCan) dal punto di vista dei medici veterinari e dei proprietari di cani in Italia e in Brasile.
NASCIMENTO DA COSTA, TALYNE
2024/2025
Abstract
Canine leishmaniasis is an emerging zoonotic disease transmitted by vector arthropods, i.e. sandflies, with significant public and veterinary health implications. Veterinarians are the first point of reference for pet owners and play a crucial role in both case management and information and education for prevention. Understanding owners' knowledge level and how veterinarians handle cases and inform pet owners is essential to improving disease prevention, control and management. Scientific studies based on structured questionnaires help to identify information gaps and lead to actions aimed at raising public awareness of the disease in dogs, the risk of transmission to humans and how to prevent both. This thesis aims to evaluate the strategies adopted by veterinarians in the management of canine leishmaniasis in Italy and Brazil, while also evaluating the level of awareness among dog owners regarding the health risks for their animals and humans. This will be achieved through the administration of online questionnaires specifically designed to collect data in the respective geographical areas. Through the online platform QualtricsXM®, questionnaires were distributed to target populations via social media and institutional channels of the Provincial Professional Orders. The data collected was analyzed with descriptive statistics. The professional updating of Italian and Brazilian veterinarians is aligned with the evidence of the scientific community, both for preventive and diagnostic aspects, as well as for therapeutic ones. This highlights effective and useful interaction between the professionals and the scientific world, facilitated by active communication and continuing updating of veterinarians. The Italian pet owners, although aware of canine leishmaniasis and the existence of preventive measures to combat the disease, thanks to the informative action of veterinarians; are not particularly concerned about their health, pointing out that they are not aware of the zoonotic risk and that there is an education gap. This underscores a significant lack of awareness regarding the zoonotic risk and highlights an existing gap in education and information. Conversely, Brazilian dog owners demonstrate significantly greater awareness of the risks to both animal and human health. This data confirms that a context in which leishmaniasis causes numerous human cases fosters greater public awareness. In conclusion, the study highlights the crucial role of veterinarians and all health professionals in public education and awareness, underlining the importance of improving scientific dissemination to both pet owners and the citizens.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/85419