Introduction Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents. It is an aggressive tumor, although survival rates have progressively improved over the last decades thanks to multidisciplinary treatments. Experience and advanced equipment are essential and more easily accessible in specialized referral centers. In this study, we examined the impact of the experience of European centers, measured by the number of patients treated, on the management of patients with RMS enrolled in the EpSSG RMS 2005 protocol. Materials and Methods We analyzed 1,613 patients with localized RMS, enrolled in the RMS 2005 protocol from October 2005 to December 2016, in 126 European centers affiliated to the EpSSG Association. The centers were divided according to the number of patients enrolled, with each group representing approximately one-third (approximately 33.3%) of the total population: Group 1 (high volume) included 547 patients from 11 centers, Group 2 (medium volume) included 526 patients from 25 centers, Group 3 (low volume) included 540 patients from 90 centers. We compared various quality indicators to assess the appropriateness of the diagnostic workup and treatment provided to patients, as well as their survival outcomes. Results There were no substantial differences between the three groups of centers. However, Group 1 centers enrolled more patients over 18 years of age and with advanced disease. The diagnostic workup generally complied with protocol recommendations. Diagnostic practices varied, with Group 2 performing fewer MRI/CT scans than Groups 1 and 3, while Group 2 performed more PET scans. A higher percentage of molecular biology studies were conducted in Group 1 (73.5%) compared to Group 3 (65.9%). Treatment appropriateness was assessed, revealing that 4.5% of patients were incorrectly assigned to risk groups, predominantly in Groups 2 and 3. Analysis of the results showed no significant differences in event-free survival (EFS) or overall survival (OS) between groups, with a 5-year EFS of 71.4% and OS of 81.6% for the entire cohort. Conclusion The study demonstrates that adherence to standardized protocols ensures consistent outcomes, even between centers with different volumes in pediatric RMS. However, differences in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches underscore the need for specialized expertise, particularly in low-volume centers. Although protocols are critical, this study highlights that tumor biology, timely diagnosis, and personalized treatment are the primary determinants of outcomes, confirming what has been reported in the literature. Further efforts are needed to standardize diagnostic practices, improve early response assessment, and strengthen the infrastructure of low-volume centers to improve overall outcomes.
Introduzione Il rabdomiosarcoma (RMS) è il sarcoma dei tessuti molli più comune nei bambini e negli adolescenti. È un tumore aggressivo, anche se le percentuali di sopravvivenza sono migliorate progressivamente negli ultimi decenni grazie a trattamenti multidisciplinari. L’esperienza e le attrezzature avanzate sono essenziali e più facilmente accessibili nei centri di riferimento specializzati. In questo studio, abbiamo esaminato l'impatto dell'esperienza dei centri europei, misurata dal numero di pazienti trattati, sulla gestione dei pazienti con RMS iscritti al protocollo EpSSG RMS 2005. Materiali e metodi Abbiamo analizzato 1.613 pazienti con RMS localizzato, iscritti al protocollo RMS 2005 dal periodo Ottobre 2005 a Dicembre 2016, in 126 centri europei affiliati all'Associazione EpSSG. I centri sono stati suddivisi in base al numero di pazienti arruolati, con ogni gruppo che rappresentava circa un terzo (circa il 33,3%) della popolazione totale: il Gruppo 1 (ad alto volume) comprendeva 547 pazienti provenienti da 11 centri, il Gruppo 2 (medio volume) comprendeva 526 pazienti da 25 centri, il Gruppo 3 (basso volume) comprendeva 540 pazienti provenienti da 90 centri. Abbiamo confrontato vari indicatori di qualità per valutare l'appropriatezza del lavoro diagnostico e del trattamento fornito ai pazienti, nonché i loro esiti di sopravvivenza. Risultati Non sono emerse differenze sostanziali tra i tre gruppi di centri. Tuttavia, i centri del Gruppo 1 hanno arruolato più pazienti di età superiore ai 18 anni e con malattia avanzata. Il percorso diagnostico ha generalmente rispettato le raccomandazioni del protocollo. Le pratiche diagnostiche variavano, con il Gruppo 2 che ha eseguito meno scansioni RMN/TC rispetto ai Gruppi 1 e 3, mentre nel Gruppo 2 sono state eseguite più scansioni PET. Una percentuale maggiore di studi di biologia molecolare è stata condotta nel Gruppo 1 (73,5%) rispetto al Gruppo 3 (65,9%). È stata valutata l'appropriatezza del trattamento, rivelando che il 4,5% dei pazienti era stato assegnato erroneamente a gruppi di rischio, prevalentemente nei gruppi 2 e 3. L'analisi dei risultati non ha mostrato differenze significative nella sopravvivenza libera da eventi (EFS) o nella sopravvivenza globale (OS) tra i gruppi, con un'EFS a 5 anni del 71,4% e una OS dell'81,6% per l'intera coorte. Conclusione Lo studio dimostra che l'adesione ai protocolli standardizzati garantisce risultati coerenti, anche tra centri con volumi diversi nel RMS pediatrico. Tuttavia, le differenze negli approcci diagnostici e terapeutici sottolineano la necessità di competenze specializzate, in particolare nei centri a basso volume. Sebbene i protocolli siano fondamentali, questo studio evidenzia che biologia del tumore, diagnosi tempestiva e trattamento personalizzato sono i determinanti principali degli esiti, confermando quanto riportato dalla letteratura. Sono necessari ulteriori sforzi per standardizzare le pratiche diagnostiche, migliorare la valutazione precoce della risposta e potenziare l'infrastruttura dei centri a basso volume per migliorare gli esiti complessivi.
Ruolo dei centri nella diagnosi e nel trattamento del rabdomiosarcoma. Un’analisi dell’European paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group
SACCO, IRENE
2024/2025
Abstract
Introduction Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents. It is an aggressive tumor, although survival rates have progressively improved over the last decades thanks to multidisciplinary treatments. Experience and advanced equipment are essential and more easily accessible in specialized referral centers. In this study, we examined the impact of the experience of European centers, measured by the number of patients treated, on the management of patients with RMS enrolled in the EpSSG RMS 2005 protocol. Materials and Methods We analyzed 1,613 patients with localized RMS, enrolled in the RMS 2005 protocol from October 2005 to December 2016, in 126 European centers affiliated to the EpSSG Association. The centers were divided according to the number of patients enrolled, with each group representing approximately one-third (approximately 33.3%) of the total population: Group 1 (high volume) included 547 patients from 11 centers, Group 2 (medium volume) included 526 patients from 25 centers, Group 3 (low volume) included 540 patients from 90 centers. We compared various quality indicators to assess the appropriateness of the diagnostic workup and treatment provided to patients, as well as their survival outcomes. Results There were no substantial differences between the three groups of centers. However, Group 1 centers enrolled more patients over 18 years of age and with advanced disease. The diagnostic workup generally complied with protocol recommendations. Diagnostic practices varied, with Group 2 performing fewer MRI/CT scans than Groups 1 and 3, while Group 2 performed more PET scans. A higher percentage of molecular biology studies were conducted in Group 1 (73.5%) compared to Group 3 (65.9%). Treatment appropriateness was assessed, revealing that 4.5% of patients were incorrectly assigned to risk groups, predominantly in Groups 2 and 3. Analysis of the results showed no significant differences in event-free survival (EFS) or overall survival (OS) between groups, with a 5-year EFS of 71.4% and OS of 81.6% for the entire cohort. Conclusion The study demonstrates that adherence to standardized protocols ensures consistent outcomes, even between centers with different volumes in pediatric RMS. However, differences in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches underscore the need for specialized expertise, particularly in low-volume centers. Although protocols are critical, this study highlights that tumor biology, timely diagnosis, and personalized treatment are the primary determinants of outcomes, confirming what has been reported in the literature. Further efforts are needed to standardize diagnostic practices, improve early response assessment, and strengthen the infrastructure of low-volume centers to improve overall outcomes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Sacco_Irene.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
1.88 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.88 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/86473