Background: Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is one of the most complex hepatobiliary malignancies to treat surgically due to the location and critical anatomy of the bile ducts. The open approach is currently the gold standard, but in recent years robotic surgery has gained interest for its precision and minimally invasive nature, although evidence supporting its efficacy in pCCA is still limited. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of robotic surgery for pCCA by analyzing the clinical, oncological, and perioperative outcomes of patients treated at the General Surgery Unit 2 of the University Hospital of Padua. Additionally, a comparison with the historical open cohort was performed to demonstrate the non-inferiority of the robotic technique and identify any significant differences. Finally, a descriptive cost analysis was conducted to assess its impact on the national healthcare system. Materials and methods A retrospective observational study was conducted on 81 patients who underwent surgery for suspected pCCA using an open approach between 2015 and 2022, and a prospective study on 32 patients treated with a robotic approach between 2018 and 2025, at the General Surgery Unit 2 of the University Hospital of Padua. Pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables were analyzed. An observational cost analysis was also performed. Results: Robotic surgery for pCCA proved to be safe, with good oncologic quality and a limited hospital stay (median 11.5 days), despite prolonged operative times and a 23% rate of early readmissions. Although associated with higher operative costs, it showed partial containment of total expenses due to shorter hospitalization. Overall clinical outcomes were comparable to the open approach, except for longer operative times and a higher rate of unplanned readmissions within 30 days in the robotic cohort (23% vs 6.6%; p=0.037). Conclusions: The robotic approach to perihilar cholangiocarcinoma surgery is confirmed to be safe and effective, with oncological and postoperative outcomes comparable to open surgery. It may represent a valid minimally invasive alternative, with potential benefits on recovery, justifying further development and implementation of this technique in hepatobiliary surgery.
Background: Il colangiocarcinoma perilare (pCCA) è una delle neoplasie epatobiliari più complesse da trattare chirurgicamente, data la localizzazione e l’anatomia critica delle vie biliari. L’approccio open è attualmente il gold standard, ma negli ultimi anni la chirurgia robotica ha guadagnato interesse per la sua precisione e mininvasività, sebbene le evidenze a sostegno della sua efficacia nel pCCA siano ancora limitate. Scopo dello studio: Lo scopo dello studio è valutare l’efficacia e la sicurezza della chirurgia robotica per il pCCA, analizzando gli esiti clinici, oncologici e perioperatori dei pazienti trattati nel reparto di Chirurgia Generale 2 dell’Ospedale Università di Padova. È stato inoltre effettuato un confronto con la coorte storica open per dimostrare la non inferiorità della tecnica robotica e rilevare eventuali differenze significative. Infine, è stata condotta un’analisi descrittiva dei costi per valutarne l’impatto sul sistema sanitario nazionale. Materiali e metodi: Studio retrospettivo osservazionale su 81 pazienti operati per sospetto pCCA tra il 2015 e il 2022 con tecnica open e studio prospettico su 32 pazienti tra il 2018 e il 2025 con tecnica robotica, presso Chirurgia Generale 2 dell’Ospedale Università di Padova. Sono state analizzate variabili pre-, intra- e postoperatorie. È stata fatta un’analisi osservazionale dei costi. Risultati: La chirurgia robotica per pCCA si è dimostrata sicura, con buona qualità oncologica e degenza contenuta (mediana 11.5 giorni), nonostante tempi operatori prolungati e un 23% di riammissioni precoci. A fronte di costi operatori più elevati, ha mostrato un parziale contenimento dei costi totali grazie alla ridotta degenza ospedaliera, con esiti clinici complessivamente sovrapponibili all’approccio open, fatta eccezione per i tempi operatori e di incidenza di ricoveri non programmati entro 30 giorni maggiore nella coorte robotica (23% vs 6.6%; p=0.037). Conclusioni: L’approccio robotico alla chirurgia del pCCA si conferma sicuro ed efficace, con esiti oncologici e postoperatori sovrapponibili alla chirurgia open. Può rappresentare una valida alternativa mininvasiva, con benefici potenziali sul recupero, giustificando ulteriori sviluppi e implementazione della tecnica nella chirurgia epatobiliare. I costi sono più elevati ma la tecnica permette una degenza più breve.
Resezione epatica maggiore con ricostruzione vasculo-biliare in assistenza robotica completa: studio prospettico di safety-efficacy di una tecnica pioneristica
LO SCHIAVO, JESSIE
2024/2025
Abstract
Background: Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is one of the most complex hepatobiliary malignancies to treat surgically due to the location and critical anatomy of the bile ducts. The open approach is currently the gold standard, but in recent years robotic surgery has gained interest for its precision and minimally invasive nature, although evidence supporting its efficacy in pCCA is still limited. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of robotic surgery for pCCA by analyzing the clinical, oncological, and perioperative outcomes of patients treated at the General Surgery Unit 2 of the University Hospital of Padua. Additionally, a comparison with the historical open cohort was performed to demonstrate the non-inferiority of the robotic technique and identify any significant differences. Finally, a descriptive cost analysis was conducted to assess its impact on the national healthcare system. Materials and methods A retrospective observational study was conducted on 81 patients who underwent surgery for suspected pCCA using an open approach between 2015 and 2022, and a prospective study on 32 patients treated with a robotic approach between 2018 and 2025, at the General Surgery Unit 2 of the University Hospital of Padua. Pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables were analyzed. An observational cost analysis was also performed. Results: Robotic surgery for pCCA proved to be safe, with good oncologic quality and a limited hospital stay (median 11.5 days), despite prolonged operative times and a 23% rate of early readmissions. Although associated with higher operative costs, it showed partial containment of total expenses due to shorter hospitalization. Overall clinical outcomes were comparable to the open approach, except for longer operative times and a higher rate of unplanned readmissions within 30 days in the robotic cohort (23% vs 6.6%; p=0.037). Conclusions: The robotic approach to perihilar cholangiocarcinoma surgery is confirmed to be safe and effective, with oncological and postoperative outcomes comparable to open surgery. It may represent a valid minimally invasive alternative, with potential benefits on recovery, justifying further development and implementation of this technique in hepatobiliary surgery.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/86490