The aim of this thesis is to highlight the importance of the prohibition of collective expulsions as a safeguard against arbitrary practices of expulsion and pushbacks adopted by States towards groups of migrants arriving at the borders to seek asylum or international protection. The analysis will focus on three landmark cases from the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights: Hirsi Jamaa and Others v. Italy, Khlaifia and Others v. Italy, and N.D. and N.T. v. Spain. Following a chronological order, the thesis will seek to understand the reasoning behind the Court’s assessments, highlighting possible evolving contradictions and increasingly strict limitations to the application of the prohibition. The sources used in this research include judgments of the ECtHR, international legal instruments such as conventions and treaties, as well as reports by bodies committed to the protection of human rights, including UNHCR. The thesis is structured into four chapters. The first chapter provides a general framework on the principle of non-refoulement and the prohibition of collective expulsions, analyzing their origins, legal sources, and implementation. The second chapter examines the Hirsi Jamaa case, with particular attention to the contribution the judgment made to the extraterritorial protection of human rights. The third chapter is dedicated to the Khlaifia case, in which the ECtHR clarifies the differences that distinguish individual from collective expulsions. The fourth and final chapter addresses the case of N.D. and N.T., the outcome of which introduced the controversial notion of “culpable conduct of the migrant” as a criterion for excluding the applicability of conventional safeguards.
Obiettivo di questa tesi è mettere in evidenza l’importanza del divieto di espulsioni collettive come strumento di tutela contro prassi arbitrarie di espulsione e respingimento adottate dagli Stati nei confronti di gruppi di migranti che arrivano alle frontiere per richiedere asilo o protezione internazionale. L’analisi si concentrerà su tre casi emblematici della giurisprudenza della Corte Europea dei Diritti dell'Uomo: Hirsi Jamaa e altri c. Italia, Khlaifia e altri c. Italia e N.D. e N.T. c. Spagna. Procedendo in ordine cronologico, si cercherà di comprendere il ragionamento dietro le valutazioni della Corte, evidenziando eventuali contraddizioni evolutive e limiti sempre più stringenti all’applicazione del divieto. Le fonti utilizzate in questa ricerca comprendono le sentenze della Corte EDU, documenti normativi internazionali, come convenzioni e trattati, nonché i rapporti di organismi impegnati nella tutela dei diritti umani, tra cui UNHCR. La tesi è strutturata in quattro capitoli. Il primo capitolo fornisce un inquadramento generale sul principio di non-refoulement e sul divieto di espulsioni collettive, analizzandone le origini, le fonti giuridiche e l’applicazione. Il secondo capitolo esamina il caso Hirsi Jamaa, con particolare riferimento al contributo che la sentenza ha dato nella tutela extraterritoriale dei diritti umani. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato al caso Khlaifia, nel quale la Corte EDU farà chiarezza sulle differenze che distinguono un’espulsione individuale da una collettiva. Il quarto e ultimo capitolo tratterà il caso N.D. e N.T., il cui esito ha introdotto il concetto controverso di “condotta colpevole del migrante”, ponendolo come criterio per escludere l’applicabilità delle tutele convenzionali.
Il divieto di espulsioni collettive nella giurisprudenza della Corte Europea dei Diritti dell'Uomo
CALZAVARA, ALICE
2024/2025
Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to highlight the importance of the prohibition of collective expulsions as a safeguard against arbitrary practices of expulsion and pushbacks adopted by States towards groups of migrants arriving at the borders to seek asylum or international protection. The analysis will focus on three landmark cases from the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights: Hirsi Jamaa and Others v. Italy, Khlaifia and Others v. Italy, and N.D. and N.T. v. Spain. Following a chronological order, the thesis will seek to understand the reasoning behind the Court’s assessments, highlighting possible evolving contradictions and increasingly strict limitations to the application of the prohibition. The sources used in this research include judgments of the ECtHR, international legal instruments such as conventions and treaties, as well as reports by bodies committed to the protection of human rights, including UNHCR. The thesis is structured into four chapters. The first chapter provides a general framework on the principle of non-refoulement and the prohibition of collective expulsions, analyzing their origins, legal sources, and implementation. The second chapter examines the Hirsi Jamaa case, with particular attention to the contribution the judgment made to the extraterritorial protection of human rights. The third chapter is dedicated to the Khlaifia case, in which the ECtHR clarifies the differences that distinguish individual from collective expulsions. The fourth and final chapter addresses the case of N.D. and N.T., the outcome of which introduced the controversial notion of “culpable conduct of the migrant” as a criterion for excluding the applicability of conventional safeguards.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Alice Calzavara 2070042.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
773.13 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
773.13 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/87425