The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into political and communicative dynamics has profoundly transformed the ways through which citizens relate to politics. This thesis investigates the impact of AI on political spectatorship, understood as the set of practices of fruition, interpretation and reaction of subjects with respect to politics, its communication and events, with a focus on the dualism between active participation and passivity. Through an analytical-theoretical approach, the thesis explores the main applications of AI in the political sphere-from content personalization to automated election campaigns-and analyzes how these tools influence public opinion formation, electoral choices and the quality of democratic participation. In particular, the role of AI and related algorithms in the selection and distribution of information is explored, and how this conditions the perception of political reality, shaping new ways of relating between citizens, institutions and the media. One of the central junctures of the paper is the reworking of the concept of political spectatorship in the digital ecosystem: on the one hand, the possibility of more personalized, responsive and interactive participation; on the other, the risk of passive, polarized spectatorship lacking critical depth. The thesis reconstructs the historical evolution of spectatorship, showing how the shift from traditional to digital media, amplified by AI, has redefined the boundaries between spectator and political actor. It also analyzes the phenomenon of the spectacularization of politics and its algorithmic staging, in which the logic of entertainment and visibility prevails over that of content and deliberation. This process has major consequences not only on information, but also on the quality of civic participation and the functioning of democracy itself. The results of the work suggest that AI does not act neutrally, but actively shapes the political experience of individuals. The thesis thus invites critical reflection on the conditions necessary to foster an informed digital citizenship capable of exercising agency even in an increasingly automated and spectacularized information environment.
La crescente integrazione dell’intelligenza artificiale (IA) nelle dinamiche politiche e comunicative ha trasformato in profondità i modi attraverso cui i cittadini si relazionano alla politica. Questa tesi indaga l’impatto dell’IA sulla spettatorialità politica, intesa come l’insieme delle pratiche di fruizione, interpretazione e reazione dei soggetti rispetto alla politica, alla sua comunicazione ed eventi, con un focus sul dualismo tra partecipazione attiva e passività. Attraverso un approccio teorico-analitico, la tesi esplora le principali applicazioni dell’IA in ambito politico — dalla personalizzazione dei contenuti alle campagne elettorali automatizzate — e analizza come questi strumenti influenzino la formazione dell’opinione pubblica, le scelte elettorali e la qualità della partecipazione democratica. In particolare, viene approfondito il ruolo dell'IA e dei relativi algoritmi nella selezione e distribuzione dell’informazione, e come ciò condizioni la percezione della realtà politica, dando forma a nuove modalità di relazione tra cittadini, istituzioni e media. Uno degli snodi centrali del lavoro è la rielaborazione del concetto di spettatorialità politica nell’ecosistema digitale: da una parte, la possibilità di una partecipazione più personalizzata, reattiva e interattiva; dall’altra, il rischio di una fruizione passiva, polarizzata e priva di profondità critica. La tesi ricostruisce l’evoluzione storica della spettatorialità, mostrando come il passaggio dai media tradizionali a quelli digitali, amplificato dall’IA, abbia ridefinito i confini tra spettatore e attore politico. Inoltre, si analizza il fenomeno della spettacolarizzazione della politica e della sua messa in scena algoritmica, in cui la logica dell’intrattenimento e della visibilità prevale su quella del contenuto e della deliberazione. Questo processo ha conseguenze rilevanti non solo sull’informazione, ma anche sulla qualità della partecipazione civica e sul funzionamento della democrazia stessa. I risultati del lavoro suggeriscono che l’IA non agisce in maniera neutra, ma modella attivamente l’esperienza politica degli individui. La tesi invita dunque a una riflessione critica sulle condizioni necessarie per favorire una cittadinanza digitale consapevole, capace di esercitare agency anche in un contesto informativo sempre più automatizzato e spettacolarizzato.
L’influenza dell’intelligenza artificiale sulla spettatorialità politica: tra potenziale di partecipazione attiva e passività
SAGLIANO, CATERINA
2024/2025
Abstract
The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into political and communicative dynamics has profoundly transformed the ways through which citizens relate to politics. This thesis investigates the impact of AI on political spectatorship, understood as the set of practices of fruition, interpretation and reaction of subjects with respect to politics, its communication and events, with a focus on the dualism between active participation and passivity. Through an analytical-theoretical approach, the thesis explores the main applications of AI in the political sphere-from content personalization to automated election campaigns-and analyzes how these tools influence public opinion formation, electoral choices and the quality of democratic participation. In particular, the role of AI and related algorithms in the selection and distribution of information is explored, and how this conditions the perception of political reality, shaping new ways of relating between citizens, institutions and the media. One of the central junctures of the paper is the reworking of the concept of political spectatorship in the digital ecosystem: on the one hand, the possibility of more personalized, responsive and interactive participation; on the other, the risk of passive, polarized spectatorship lacking critical depth. The thesis reconstructs the historical evolution of spectatorship, showing how the shift from traditional to digital media, amplified by AI, has redefined the boundaries between spectator and political actor. It also analyzes the phenomenon of the spectacularization of politics and its algorithmic staging, in which the logic of entertainment and visibility prevails over that of content and deliberation. This process has major consequences not only on information, but also on the quality of civic participation and the functioning of democracy itself. The results of the work suggest that AI does not act neutrally, but actively shapes the political experience of individuals. The thesis thus invites critical reflection on the conditions necessary to foster an informed digital citizenship capable of exercising agency even in an increasingly automated and spectacularized information environment.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/87486