Multiple myeloma is the second most common haematological tumore, with an incidence of 6 cases per 100,000 in patients with an average age of 70 years. In recent years, several lines of treatment have been developed using novel agents that have significantly improved patients response to the tumor and their survival. However, most patients experience relapses and, eventually, death due to therapy resistance caused by the interaction between myeloma cells and the tumor microenvironment, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). These can adopt a protumoral phenotype promoting tumor growth and suppression of the immune system. The following study identified cytokine IL-10 as a key factor in the polarization of TAMs in multiple myeloma. It has been observed that the inhibition of the signaling pathway between IL-10, its receptor IL-10R and transcription factor STAT3 leads to the reprogramming of TAMs towards an antitumoral phenotype and to resensitization of tumor cells to drugs and therapies. Therefore, IL10/IL10R/STAT3 axis represents a potential therapeutic target in multiple myeloma, paving the way for new immunotherapeutic combinations.
Il mieloma multiplo è il secondo tumore ematico più comune con un’incidenza di 6 casi ogni 100.000 in pazienti aventi un’età media di 70 anni. Negli ultimi anni sono state sviluppate diverse linee di trattamento utilizzando nuovi agenti che hanno incrementato notevolmente la risposta dei pazienti verso il tumore e la sopravvivenza. Tuttavia, la maggior parte dei pazienti va incontro a ricadute e infine alla morte a causa della resistenza alle terapie dovuta all’interazione tra le cellule di mieloma e il microambiente tumorale, in particolare i macrofagi associati a tumore (TAMs). Questi possono assumere un fenotipo pro-tumorale favorendo la crescita del tumore e la soppressione del sistema immunitario. Il seguente studio ha individuato la citochina IL-10 come fattore chiave nella polarizzazione dei TAMs nel mieloma multiplo. È stato osservato come l’inibizione del pathway di segnalazione tra IL-10, il suo recettore IL-10R e il fattore di trascrizione STAT3 permette la riprogrammazione dei TAMs verso un fenotipo antitumorale e la risensibilizzazione delle cellule tumorali ai farmaci e alle terapie. Dunque, l’asse IL10/IL10R/STAT3 rappresenta un potenziale bersaglio terapeutico contro il mieloma multiplo, aprendo la strada verso nuove combinazioni immunoterapeutiche.
Inibizione dell'asse IL10/IL10R/STAT3: nuova strategia immunoterapeutica per riprogrammare i macrofagi associati a tumore nel mieloma multiplo
SCHIAVON, VITTORIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is the second most common haematological tumore, with an incidence of 6 cases per 100,000 in patients with an average age of 70 years. In recent years, several lines of treatment have been developed using novel agents that have significantly improved patients response to the tumor and their survival. However, most patients experience relapses and, eventually, death due to therapy resistance caused by the interaction between myeloma cells and the tumor microenvironment, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). These can adopt a protumoral phenotype promoting tumor growth and suppression of the immune system. The following study identified cytokine IL-10 as a key factor in the polarization of TAMs in multiple myeloma. It has been observed that the inhibition of the signaling pathway between IL-10, its receptor IL-10R and transcription factor STAT3 leads to the reprogramming of TAMs towards an antitumoral phenotype and to resensitization of tumor cells to drugs and therapies. Therefore, IL10/IL10R/STAT3 axis represents a potential therapeutic target in multiple myeloma, paving the way for new immunotherapeutic combinations.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/87803