This paper presents work carried out as part of a three-year experimental thesis at the University of Padua, Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science and Technology. The research involved a multidisciplinary geological-sedimentary analysis aimed at studying the provenance of a sequence of sedimentary rocks. The materials under study are terrigenous sediments of continental environment, dating from the Miocene, outcropping in the territory of the municipality of Pomarance (PI), in southern Tuscany, within the Miocene basin of Volterra. A peculiar feature of these sediments is the presence of pebbles consisting of an acidic igneous tourmaline rock, known to outcrop exclusively on the island of Elba, located about 100 km away from the investigated site. The main objective of the work was to deepen the knowledge of the origin of Miocene sediments, with the intention of providing new interpretative constraints and confirming the hypothesis of the existence, in Messinian times, of an ancient river system capable of transporting debris from the island of Elba to the Tuscan hinterland. The methodology adopted was based on two main approaches: a field survey and a series of laboratory analyses. During in situ activities, the outcrop was studied to recognize sedimentary facies and depositional structures in order to understand the dynamics of transport. The analyses performed include: photogrammetry with Agisoft Metashape software for outcrop reconstruction in three dimensions, XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) spectrometry for chemical composition, particle size analysis for clast size distribution, and Raman spectroscopy for the study of heavy minerals in the sandy fraction. The results obtained show a marked correspondence both chemically and mineralogically between the samples taken in the Pomarance area and those from the island of Elba, supporting the hypothesis of the existence of an ancient river system active during the Messinian. This study represents a significant contribution to the paleogeographic reconstruction of Tuscany in the Miocene epoch, highlighting the fundamental role played by fluvial processes in the distribution and evolution of sediments over time.
Questo elaborato presenta il lavoro svolto nell’ambito della tesi triennale sperimentale presso l’Università di Padova, corso di laurea in Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Ambiente. La ricerca ha riguardato un’analisi geologico-sedimentaria di tipo multidisciplinare, finalizzata allo studio della provenienza di una sequenza di rocce sedimentarie. I materiali oggetto di studio sono sedimenti terrigeni di ambiente continentale, risalenti al Miocene, affioranti nel territorio del comune di Pomarance (PI), nella Toscana meridionale, all’interno del bacino miocenico di Volterra. Una caratteristica peculiare di questi sedimenti è la presenza di ciottoli costituiti da una roccia ignea acida a tormalina, nota per affiorare esclusivamente sull’isola d’Elba, situata a circa 100 km di distanza dal sito investigato. Lo scopo del lavoro è approfondire l’origine dei sedimenti miocenici, fornendo nuovi vincoli interpretativi. L’indagine mira a confermare l’ipotesi dell’esistenza, in epoca messiniana, di un sistema fluviale capace di trasportare detriti dall’isola d’Elba all’entroterra toscano. La metodologia adottata si è basata su due principali approcci: un’indagine sul campo e una serie di analisi di laboratorio. Durante le attività in sito, è stato studiato l’affioramento per riconoscere le facies sedimentarie e le strutture deposizionali, al fine di comprendere le dinamiche di trasporto. Sono stati inoltre prelevati campioni da sottoporre a indagini di laboratorio per determinarne le caratteristiche chimiche e mineralogiche. Le analisi eseguite comprendono: fotogrammetria con il software Agisoft Metashape per la ricostruzione dell’affioramento in tre dimensioni, spettrometria XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) per la composizione chimica, analisi granulometriche per la distribuzione dimensionale dei clasti, e spettroscopia Raman per lo studio dei minerali pesanti nella frazione sabbiosa. I risultati ottenuti evidenziano una marcata corrispondenza sia chimica che mineralogica tra i campioni prelevati nell’area di Pomarance e quelli provenienti dall’isola d’Elba, supportando l’ipotesi dell’esistenza di un antico sistema fluviale attivo durante il Messiniano. Questo studio rappresenta un contributo significativo alla ricostruzione paleogeografica della Toscana in epoca miocenica, mettendo in luce il ruolo fondamentale svolto dai processi fluviali nella distribuzione e nell’evoluzione dei sedimenti nel tempo.
Analisi geologico-sedimentaria del paleo-fluviale messiniano nel bacino di Volterra: evidenze chimiche e mineralogiche delle euriti elbane.
BIANCHIN, TOBIA
2024/2025
Abstract
This paper presents work carried out as part of a three-year experimental thesis at the University of Padua, Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science and Technology. The research involved a multidisciplinary geological-sedimentary analysis aimed at studying the provenance of a sequence of sedimentary rocks. The materials under study are terrigenous sediments of continental environment, dating from the Miocene, outcropping in the territory of the municipality of Pomarance (PI), in southern Tuscany, within the Miocene basin of Volterra. A peculiar feature of these sediments is the presence of pebbles consisting of an acidic igneous tourmaline rock, known to outcrop exclusively on the island of Elba, located about 100 km away from the investigated site. The main objective of the work was to deepen the knowledge of the origin of Miocene sediments, with the intention of providing new interpretative constraints and confirming the hypothesis of the existence, in Messinian times, of an ancient river system capable of transporting debris from the island of Elba to the Tuscan hinterland. The methodology adopted was based on two main approaches: a field survey and a series of laboratory analyses. During in situ activities, the outcrop was studied to recognize sedimentary facies and depositional structures in order to understand the dynamics of transport. The analyses performed include: photogrammetry with Agisoft Metashape software for outcrop reconstruction in three dimensions, XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) spectrometry for chemical composition, particle size analysis for clast size distribution, and Raman spectroscopy for the study of heavy minerals in the sandy fraction. The results obtained show a marked correspondence both chemically and mineralogically between the samples taken in the Pomarance area and those from the island of Elba, supporting the hypothesis of the existence of an ancient river system active during the Messinian. This study represents a significant contribution to the paleogeographic reconstruction of Tuscany in the Miocene epoch, highlighting the fundamental role played by fluvial processes in the distribution and evolution of sediments over time.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88981