The barbell deadlift is one of the three fundamental lifts in powerlifting and is characterized by its heaviest load, involving multiple muscle groups, especially the posterior chain. While this exercise offers numerous benefits, such as increased strength, muscle mass, and bone density, it also subjects the spine, particularly the lumbar region, to significant biomechanical stress. This thesis aims to analyze the biomechanical impact of the barbell deadlift on the lumbar spine, focusing on the compressive, shear, and moment forces involved. This allows for the assessment of injury risk and development and the development of preventive strategies. After analyzing the anatomy and biomechanics of the spine, with particular attention to the lumbar region, the main loads acting during the deadlift and its variations are explored, examining load distribution, the main associated injuries, prevention strategies, and the therapeutic effects on lumbar strengthening. There is also a section that focuses on the potential post-operative consequences for patients who have suffered lumbar injuries. The focus is on the use of spinal fixators and artificial discs, analyzing their mechanical properties and functional limitations, and assessing the possibility of athletes returning to heavy-load deadlifts following surgery. Finally, future developments are analyzed, particularly regarding the contribution of bioengineering to spinal medicine, with a focus on several innovations, such as disc-on-a-chip technologies and engineered discs. The therapeutic and long-term performance potential of the latter for athletes undergoing this spinal surgery will be evaluated.
Lo stacco da terra con bilanciere è una delle tre alzate fondamentali del powerlifting e si caratterizza per essere quella che presenta il maggior carico sollevato coinvolgendo diversi gruppi muscolari, soprattutto della catena posteriore. Questo esercizio, se da un lato comporta numerosi benefici come l’aumento della forza, della massa muscolare e della densità ossea, dall’altro sottopone la colonna vertebrale, in particolare la regione lombare, a significative sollecitazioni biomeccaniche. La presente tesi si propone di analizzare l’impatto biomeccanico dello stacco da terra con bilanciere sulla colonna lombare, focalizzando l’attenzione sulle forze di compressione, di taglio e di momento agenti, così da poter valutare il rischio e lo sviluppo di infortuni e proporre strategie preventive. Dopo un’analisi dell’anatomia e della biomeccanica della colonna vertebrale, con particolare attenzione alla zona lombare, si approfondiscono i principali carichi che agiscono durante l’esecuzione dello stacco da terra nelle sue varianti, esaminando la distribuzione dei carichi, i principali infortuni associati, le strategie di prevenzione e gli effetti terapeutici sul rafforzamento lombare. Vi è inoltre una sezione che si concentra sulle possibili conseguenze post-operatorie nei soggetti che hanno subito infortuni alla zona lombare. Il focus è posto sull'utilizzo di fissatori spinali e di dischi artificiali, tramite un’analisi delle proprietà meccaniche e dei limiti funzionali degli stessi e della possibilità che l’atleta riesca a tornare a svolgere lo stacco da terra con carichi pesanti in seguito all’intervento. Infine, viene fatta un’analisi su quali siano gli sviluppi futuri, in particolare per quanto riguarda il contributo della bioingegneria alla medicina vertebrale, con un focus su alcune innovazioni, quali le tecnologie disc-on-a-chip e i dischi ingegnerizzati. Di questi ultimi verranno valutate le potenzialità terapeutiche e di prestazione nel lungo termine per gli atleti che subiscono questa chirurgia spinale.
Analisi biomeccanica delle sollecitazioni lombari nello stacco da terra con bilanciere
BALAJ, EDONIT
2024/2025
Abstract
The barbell deadlift is one of the three fundamental lifts in powerlifting and is characterized by its heaviest load, involving multiple muscle groups, especially the posterior chain. While this exercise offers numerous benefits, such as increased strength, muscle mass, and bone density, it also subjects the spine, particularly the lumbar region, to significant biomechanical stress. This thesis aims to analyze the biomechanical impact of the barbell deadlift on the lumbar spine, focusing on the compressive, shear, and moment forces involved. This allows for the assessment of injury risk and development and the development of preventive strategies. After analyzing the anatomy and biomechanics of the spine, with particular attention to the lumbar region, the main loads acting during the deadlift and its variations are explored, examining load distribution, the main associated injuries, prevention strategies, and the therapeutic effects on lumbar strengthening. There is also a section that focuses on the potential post-operative consequences for patients who have suffered lumbar injuries. The focus is on the use of spinal fixators and artificial discs, analyzing their mechanical properties and functional limitations, and assessing the possibility of athletes returning to heavy-load deadlifts following surgery. Finally, future developments are analyzed, particularly regarding the contribution of bioengineering to spinal medicine, with a focus on several innovations, such as disc-on-a-chip technologies and engineered discs. The therapeutic and long-term performance potential of the latter for athletes undergoing this spinal surgery will be evaluated.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/89691