This document discusses fragmentation in Earth orbit, with a focus on those that occurred in geostationary orbit (GEO), as their consequences could be significantly more impactful with respect to other orbits, due to the strategic importance of commercial, military, and scientific satellites. It is therefore crucial to understand how these fragmentations occurred, how these fragments can be detected, and the number and orbits of the fragments. The document will cover the Space Surveillance Network (SSN), currently the main organization responsible for maintaining a catalog and providing information about the potential for collisions between space debris and orbiting satellites, as well as the methods they use to detect debris. It will also address the classification of fragmentation events based on their causes, as well as the categorization of debris generated by such events. An analysis of confirmed, unconfirmed, and suspected fragmentation events in GEO will follow, including the number of fragments observed as a result of these events. Finally, the document will discuss the most recent fragmentation event in GEO, specifically the Intelsat 33E case, providing the currently available information and summarizing the satellite's history.
Questo documento tratta delle frammentazioni in orbita terrestre, concentrandosi su quelle avvenute in orbita geostazionaria (GEO), le cui conseguenze potrebbero portare a conseguenze notevolmente più rilevanti rispetto ad orbite più basse, data l’importanza strategica a livello di satelliti commerciali, militari e di carattere scientifico. Risulta dunque importante capire in che modo sono avvenute tali frammentazioni, le modalità con cui si può rilevare tali frammenti e dunque anche il numero di frammenti e la loro orbita. Il documento tratterà della Space Surveillance Network (SSN), ovvero correntemente l’ente principale che si occupa di mantenere un catalogo e di informare sulla possibilità di collisioni tra detriti spaziali e satelliti in orbita, e dei metodi da loro utilizzati per individuare i debris, della classificazione degli eventi di frammentazione in base alla causa di tali eventi ma anche della classificazione dei detriti prodotti da essi. Seguirà una analisi delle frammentazioni avvenute in orbita GEO confermate, non confermate e ipotizzate, in cui verrà riportato anche il numero di frammenti generato da esse che si è riuscito ad osservare. Infine, tratteremo dell’ultimo evento di frammentazione avvenuto in orbita GEO, ovvero il caso Intelsat 33E, riportando le informazioni al momento disponibili e riepilogando la storia di tale satellite.
Frammentazioni in orbita GEO: il caso Intelsat 33E
RIVOLT, SIMONE
2024/2025
Abstract
This document discusses fragmentation in Earth orbit, with a focus on those that occurred in geostationary orbit (GEO), as their consequences could be significantly more impactful with respect to other orbits, due to the strategic importance of commercial, military, and scientific satellites. It is therefore crucial to understand how these fragmentations occurred, how these fragments can be detected, and the number and orbits of the fragments. The document will cover the Space Surveillance Network (SSN), currently the main organization responsible for maintaining a catalog and providing information about the potential for collisions between space debris and orbiting satellites, as well as the methods they use to detect debris. It will also address the classification of fragmentation events based on their causes, as well as the categorization of debris generated by such events. An analysis of confirmed, unconfirmed, and suspected fragmentation events in GEO will follow, including the number of fragments observed as a result of these events. Finally, the document will discuss the most recent fragmentation event in GEO, specifically the Intelsat 33E case, providing the currently available information and summarizing the satellite's history.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Rivolt_Simone.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/89934