Nowadays, the global context is increasingly oriented towards environmental sustainability, therefore the aviation sector is faced with the challenge of decarbonization to reduce its climate impact. In this scenario, aircraft powered entirely by electricity represent one of the most promising solutions to reduce CO2 emissions and promote cleaner air mobility. This thesis analyzes the technical feasibility of electric aviation applied to tourist aircraft, through the adaptation of Breguet's formula, traditionally used for combustion aircraft, to electric propulsion systems. After a general introduction of Breguet's formula applied to propeller aircraft, which is used to calculate the distance range with a full tank of fuel, and an overview of the technological evolution of high energy density batteries and electric motors, the analysis focuses on the case study of the Tecnam P-Volt, an all-electric aircraft. Different scenarios are examined to assess their impact on flight range, in particular focusing on the energy density of the batteries. The results obtained highlight the crucial role that future generations of advanced batteries, such as solid-state and lithium-air, will play in the creation of efficient electric aircraft, capable of competing with traditional aircraft on regional routes. In fact, the research points out that at present, lithium-ion batteries are not able to meet the requirements in terms of performance and operating autonomy compared to fossil fuels. Consequently, it is necessary to incentivize the development of batteries with high energy density to encourage technological progress in the sector and the development of sustainable electric models.
Al giorno d’oggi, il contesto globale è sempre più orientato verso la sostenibilità ambientale, perciò il settore dell’aviazione si trova a dover affrontare la sfida della decarbonizzazione per ridurre il proprio impatto climatico. In tale scenario, i velivoli a propulsione completamente elettrica rappresentano una delle soluzioni più promettenti per abbattere le emissioni di CO2 e promuovere una mobilità aerea più pulita. Questa tesi analizza la fattibilità tecnica dell’aviazione elettrica applicata ai velivoli turistici, attraverso l’adattamento della formula di Breguet, tradizionalmente utilizzata per i velivoli a combustione, a sistemi di propulsione elettrica. Dopo un’introduzione generale della formula di Breguet applicata ai velivoli ad elica, la quale viene utilizzata per calcolare l’autonomia di distanza con un pieno di carburante, ed una panoramica sull’evoluzione tecnologica delle batterie ad alta densità di energia e dei motori elettrici, l’analisi si concentra sul caso studio del Tecnam P-Volt, un velivolo completamente elettrico. Vengono presi in esame diversi scenari per valutarne l’impatto sull’autonomia di volo, in particolare focalizzandosi sulla densità energetica delle batterie. I risultati ottenuti mettono in evidenza il ruolo cruciale che le future generazioni di batterie avanzate, come quelle allo stato solido e al litio-aria, avranno nella realizzazione di aeromobili elettrici efficienti, in grado di competere con i velivoli tradizionali su tratte regionali. La ricerca infatti sottolinea come allo stato attuale le batterie agli ioni di litio non sono in grado di soddisfare i requisiti in termini di prestazioni e di autonomia operativa rispetto ai combustibili fossili. Di conseguenza è necessario incentivare lo sviluppo delle batterie con elevata densità energetica per favorire il progresso tecnologico del settore e lo sviluppo di modelli elettrici sostenibili.
Fattibilità tecnica dell'utilizzo di veivoli turistici a propulsione totalmente elettrica
SIMONATO, GIACOMO
2024/2025
Abstract
Nowadays, the global context is increasingly oriented towards environmental sustainability, therefore the aviation sector is faced with the challenge of decarbonization to reduce its climate impact. In this scenario, aircraft powered entirely by electricity represent one of the most promising solutions to reduce CO2 emissions and promote cleaner air mobility. This thesis analyzes the technical feasibility of electric aviation applied to tourist aircraft, through the adaptation of Breguet's formula, traditionally used for combustion aircraft, to electric propulsion systems. After a general introduction of Breguet's formula applied to propeller aircraft, which is used to calculate the distance range with a full tank of fuel, and an overview of the technological evolution of high energy density batteries and electric motors, the analysis focuses on the case study of the Tecnam P-Volt, an all-electric aircraft. Different scenarios are examined to assess their impact on flight range, in particular focusing on the energy density of the batteries. The results obtained highlight the crucial role that future generations of advanced batteries, such as solid-state and lithium-air, will play in the creation of efficient electric aircraft, capable of competing with traditional aircraft on regional routes. In fact, the research points out that at present, lithium-ion batteries are not able to meet the requirements in terms of performance and operating autonomy compared to fossil fuels. Consequently, it is necessary to incentivize the development of batteries with high energy density to encourage technological progress in the sector and the development of sustainable electric models.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/89954